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. 2021 Jun 7;12:3411. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23627-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a–d Mean, standard deviation, first-order autocorrelation (and highest Hurst exponent H), and the difference between industrial and pre-industrial temperature means (after and before 1850 CE) of the 15 ensemble reconstructions (R1–R15), as well as their mean and median (orange and red). e Correlation coefficients of the 15 ensemble reconstructions against the gridded instrumental target mean (Target Fit; black) and against the reconstruction mean (Recon Fit; opaque). f One (black) and 5-year (opaque) post-volcanic cooling relative to the 10 pre-eruption years (see Supplementary Fig. 3 for the 24 eruption years used). All statistics refer to 72–2000 (or 1794–2000 CE when considering the mean of the instrumental temperature records).