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. 2021 Jun 7;12:3400. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23620-z

Fig. 2. Effect sizes of neurodegenerative disorders as compared to amyloid-negative cognitively unimpaired controls, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.

Fig. 2

Effect sizes (Hedges’s g) of different neurodegenerative disorders as compared to amyloid-negative cognitively unimpaired controls (A n  =  403), Parkinson’s disease (B n  =  311), and Alzheimer’s disease (C n  =  236). The bars represent the mean effect size for the cohort, whereas the error bars represent the standard deviation of effect size when considering the KCL and Lund cohorts separately. Those without error bars (e.g., VaD) are only included in one cohort. AD    Alzheimer’s disease (n = 236), ALS   amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 50), CU Aβ− cognitively unimpaired without Aβ pathology (n = 403), CBS/PSP   corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 43), depression (n = 37), DS   Down syndrome (n = 29), DSAD   Down syndrome Alzheimer’s disease (n = 12), EOAD   early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (n = 82), FTD   frontotemporal dementia (n = 204), MCI Aβ− mild cognitive impairment without Aβ pathology (n = 170), MCI Aβ + mild cognitive impairment with Aβ pathology (n = 196), MSA   multiple system atrophy (n = 29), PD   Parkinson’s disease (n = 311), PDD/DLB   Parkinson’s disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 105), VaD vascular dementia (n = 22).