Table 2.
The result of outcome measures in the included studies.
| Outcome measures | Measurements | Results |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle strength | Grippit | Improvements were shown at the final of intervention and 6-month follow-up (21) |
| Grip-pinch test | Strength of nondominant hand significantly increased (15) | |
| Medical Research Council scale and grip strength | No significant difference between groups (17, 18) | |
| Range of joint motion | Measuring the ROM of shoulder, elbow joint, and hip joint flexion | Significant increase in shoulder flexion and elbow joint flexion (18) |
| Dexterity of hands | 9-Hole peg test | Improved gradually (9, 15, 16, 19, 22) |
| 9-Hole peg test and box and blocks test | Both groups improved but no significant differences (17) | |
| Test of finger tapping measurements | No significant difference between groups (19) | |
| Arm function | Wolf motor function test | Significant differences between the 2 groups (12) |
| The action research arm test and arm paresis score | Significant differences between the 2 groups (22) | |
| The action research arm test | No significant difference between groups (9, 16, 17, 23) | |
| The Modified Motor Assessment Scale (M-MAS) | No significant difference between groups (24) | |
| Activities of daily living | The Barthel Index | Significant differences between the two groups (20) |
| Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI) or Korean-modified Barthel index (K-MBI) | No significant difference between groups (18, 19) | |
| Quality of life | The Stroke-Specific QoL Scale and health-related QoL with the health survey questionnaire SF36 | Significant differences between the 2 groups (17) |
| Italian version of McGill Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (MQOL-It) | No significant difference between groups (15) |