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. 2021 May 25;12:653407. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.653407

Table 2.

Summary (part 2) of the studies that have assessed neurocognitive and neurodevelopment of the child born to mothers with Gestational Hypothyroidism (GHT) and treated with appropriate dose of levothyroxine throughout pregnancy.

Name of the study Child neurological outcome measured Assessments used Result comparing intervention vs control/placebo groups
Lazarus et al. (56) ‘CATS-I trial’ IQ at age 3 Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence (2003 edition) Child behavior aspects that may affect IQ is measured by
  1. Child Behaviors Checklist (CBCL 2000) Achenbach System of empirically based assessment, University of Vermont

  2. Behaviors Rating Inventory of Executive Function, preschool version, 2003

  3. Child Behavior Checklist at 36months and 60 months of age - behavior and social competency assessment

No significant difference of the IQ scores of children
Hales et al. (63) CATS-II trial Full Scale IQ at age group 7-10 years old
  1. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition UK (WISC-IV) calculated equally from verbal, perceptual reasoning, working memory IQ and processing speed IQ domains.

No significant difference in IQ scores of children
Long term memory, working memory, fine motor coordination
  1. Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment (NEPSY), Second Edition

Hales et al. (62) (CATS-I trial cohort) ADHD features in children 7-10 years of age
(emotions, conduct, hyperactivity, peer problems, prosocial, inattention, impulsivity, social communication)
  1. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)

  2. The Child ADHD Questionnaire (ADHDq)

  3. Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ)

All 3 questionnaires were completed by the mothers of the children
No significant differences of ADHD features between the children
Casey et al. (55) Full Scale IQ at 5 years of age
Secondary Outcomes - Cognitive, motor, language, behavior and social scores
  1. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence III (WPPSI-III)

  2. Differential Ability Scales - II (DAS) at 3 years of age if the WPPSI-III score was not available at 5years.

  3. Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition (Bayley - III) at 12 months, 24months

  4. Conner’s Rating Scales - revised at 48months of age for assessment of attention

No significant differences seen with cognitive and behavioral outcomes
Zhou et al. (61) Psychological Development assessment at age 6, 12, 24 months Chinese Version of Gesell development Diagnosis Scale (GDDS) with 4 domains - motor, adaptability, language and social emotional responses No significant difference of neurocognitive development of children between different time of initiation of therapy (before conception and after conception)