Table 1.

HOXC10 expression and function in various cancers.

Tumour type	Expression	Effect
Breast cancer	Up	Associated with primary tumors (5);
		Resisted to chemotherapy (53);
	Down	Resistance to aromatase inhibitors (AIs) (6);
Cervical carcinoma	Up	Promoted migration and invasion (47–49);
Colorectal cancer (CRC)	Up	Associated with primary tumors (54);
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)	Up	Resisted to chemo-radiotherapy and predicted poor prognosis (52);
Glioblastoma(GBM)	Up	Associated with poor prognosis (42);
		Promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion (10, 43);
		Promoted angiogenesis (32);
		Avoid immune destruction (41);
		Resisted to radiotherapy (55);
Gastric cancer(GC)	Up	Promoted cell proliferation and metastasis (50, 56–59);
		Correlated with recurrence and poor survival (51);
		Promoted cell cycle (12);
		Promoted Apatinib-resistant (11);
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)	Up	Promoted metastasis (46);
Lung adenocarcinoma	Up	Promoted migration and invasion (60);
Liver cancer	Down	Increased proliferation (61);
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)	Up	Associated with primary tumors (9);
Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)	Up	Increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis (44);
		Conferred an epigenetic vulnerability (62);
Osteosarcoma (OS)	Up	Promoted cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis (45);
		Promoted cell invasion and migration (63);
Ovarian cancer	Up	Promoted migration and invasion (64);
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)	Up	Associated with primary tumours (7, 8);
		Promoted migration and invasion (65);
Thyroid cancer	Up	Promoted cell cycle, migration and invasion (40);