Figure 4.

Perampanel suppresses necroptosis following ICH. (A) mRNA expression levels of RIP1, (B) RIP3, and (C) MLKL were determined after ICH by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. (D) Representative blots and (E-G) quantification of RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL protein expression levels after ICH, as determined by western blotting. (H) MTT assay of HT22 cells treated in vitro with hemin in the absence or presence of inhibitors of caspase-dependent apoptosis (z-VAD-fmk), autophagy (3-MA), or necroptosis (Nec-1). Error bars indicate SEM (n=5). *P<0.01 vs. sham group; ^$P<0.05 and ^$$P<0.01 vs. ICH group. ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; RIP, receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase; MLKL, mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase; Nec-1, necrostatin-1.