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. 2021 May 24;23(5):e25609. doi: 10.2196/25609

Table 1.

Mean cumulative per-participant costs (in €) by condition over a 6-month follow-up period (based on intention-to-treat sample; N=128).

Costs Intervention group (n=64), mean (95% CI) Control group, (n=64), mean (95% CI) Incremental costs, difference (95% CI)
Direct medical costs

Intervention costs 299a b 299a

General practitioner 36 (21 to 51) 51 (36 to 66) –15 (–36 to 6)

Mental health care 150 (56 to 244) 163 (69 to 257) –13 (–146 to 120)

Antidepressants 2 (0 to 5) 5 (2 to 8) –3 (–7 to 1)

Allied health servicesc 105 (34 to 176) 170 (99 to 241) –65 (–166 to 36)
Patient and family costs

Informal care 884 (226 to 1541) 1260 (602 to 1918) –376 (–1306 to 554)

Domestic help 310 (147 to 474) (132 to 459) 15 (–217 to 246)

Out-of-pocket expensesd 45(7 to 84) 73 (35 to 112) –28 (-82 to 27) a

Travel 8 (3 to 13) 15 (10 to 20) –7 (–14 to 1)
Productivity costs

Absenteeism 1005 (473 to 1537) 1104 (573 to 1636) –99 (–851 to 653)

Presenteeism 1185 (747 to 1623) 1883 (1446 to 2321) –698
Total costs 4030 (2951 to 5108) 5021 (3942 to 6099) –991 (–2519 to 534)

aAs intervention costs are fixed, no 95% CI is applicable here.

bNot applicable.

cIncluding physiotherapist, massage, occupational therapist, etc.

dFor example, allied health services without prescription.