Table 2.
Baseline data for health care mode versus the scientific fitness mode.
| Characteristic | Health care mode (n=97) | Scientific fitness mode (n=80) | P value | ||||
| Epidemiological data | |||||||
|
|
Male gender, n (%) | 30 (30.9) | 42 (52.5) | .003 | |||
|
|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 67.76 (6.67) | 68.09 (7.42) | .76 | |||
|
|
Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 68.18 (11.55) | 68.06 (11.8) | .95 | |||
|
|
Cigarette consumption, (cigarettes/lifetime), mean (SD) | 32022.16 (9934.85) | 45579.37 (11378.80) | .37 | |||
|
|
Alcohol consumption (g/day), mean (SD) | 5.97 (15.97) | 5.63 (17.26) | .89 | |||
|
|
Sedentary time (min/day), mean (SD) | 74.62 (86.04) | 83.42 (85.35) | .51 | |||
|
|
Diabetes, n (%) | 27 (27.8) | 18 (22.5) | .27 | |||
|
|
Hypertension, n (%) | 56 (57.7) | 36 (45) | .06 | |||
|
|
Cardiovascular diseases, n (%) | 18 (18.6) | 15 (18.8) | .56 | |||
| Cardiovascular function, mean (SD) | |||||||
|
|
SBPa (mmHg) | 130.22 (16.06) | 125.96 (14.66) | .72 | |||
|
|
DBPb (mmHg) | 73.20 (9.10) | 74.64 (8.73) | .29 | |||
|
|
Heart rate (bp/min) | 71.66 (10.21) | 67.77 (8.23) | .007 | |||
|
|
SEVRc | 1.07 (0.19) | 1.19 (0.20) | <.001 | |||
|
|
baPWVd (m/s) | 17.31 (3.19) | 15.70 (2.70) | <.001 | |||
| Body composition, mean (SD) | |||||||
|
|
Weight (kg) | 68.18 (11.55) | 68.06 (11.80) | .95 | |||
|
|
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.82 (3.99) | 25.17 (3.64) | .26 | |||
|
|
Body-fat rate (%) | 30.50 (9.09) | 27.03 (8.44) | .01 | |||
|
|
Fat free mass (kg) | 47.18 (8.21) | 49.56 (9.04) | .07 | |||
|
|
Muscle mass (kg) | 44.57 (7.90) | 46.90 (8.70) | .06 | |||
|
|
Fat mass (kg) | 21.11 (8.67) | 18.68 (7.28) | .046 | |||
| Bone mineral density, mean (SD) | |||||||
|
|
STIe | 84.41 (17.66) | 90.63 (23.59) | .07 | |||
|
|
t valuef | –1.13 (0.93) | –0.82 (1.24) | .08 | |||
|
|
z valueg | 0.46 (1.41) | 0.94 (1.88) | .08 | |||
| Physical fitness, mean (SD) | |||||||
|
|
Handgrip strength (kg) | 25.01 (7.38) | 26.65 (8.46) | .17 | |||
|
|
Vital capacity (ml) | 1776.29 (579.87) | 1947.74 (469.06) | .03 | |||
|
|
Agility (s) | 0.89 (0.56) | 0.76 (0.29) | .07 | |||
|
|
Balance ability (s) | 4.78 (6.13) | 5.29 (7.56) | .63 | |||
|
|
Flexibility (cm) | 7.44 (6.73) | 8.21 (6.40) | .44 | |||
aSBP: systolic blood pressure.
bDBP: diastolic blood pressure.
cSEVR: subendocardial viability ratio.
dbaPWV: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.
eSTI: stiffness index.
fUsed to evaluate the absolute risk of fracture.
gPrimarily used to assess the relative risk of fracture for comparison between peers.