Table 3.
Changes of health outcomes in healthcare mode (N=97).
| Characteristic | Pretest, mean (SD) |
Posttest, mean (SD) |
Difference, mean (95% CI) | P value | |
| Cardiovascular function | |||||
|
|
SBPa (mmHg) | 130.44 (15.99) | 132.41 (14.96) | –1.97 (–4.68 to 0.75) | .15 |
|
|
DBPb (mmHg) | 73.29 (9.10) | 74.54 (9.23) | –1.25 (–2.92 to 0.42) | .14 |
|
|
Heart rate, (bp/min) | 72.90 (10.45) | 69.93 (8.53) | 2.97 (1.1 to 4.84) | .002 |
|
|
SEVRc | 1.07 (0.20) | 1.19 (0.28) | –0.13 (–0.19 to –0.06) | <.001 |
|
|
baPWVd (m/s) | 17.31 (3.19) | 18.03 (2.92) | –0.72 (–1.17 to –0.27) | .002 |
| Body composition | |||||
|
|
Weight (kg) | 68.18 (11.55) | 67.18 (10.83) | 0.99 (0.29 to 1.69) | .006 |
|
|
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.85 (3.99) | 25.45 (3.65) | 0.38 (0.11 to 0.64) | .006 |
|
|
Body fat rate (%) | 30.39 (9.13) | 29.51 (8.88) | 0.88 (0.24 to 1.51) | .007 |
|
|
Fat-free mass (kg) | 47.32 (8.22) | 47.11 (8.14) | 0.21 (–0.16 to 0.58) | .26 |
|
|
Muscle mass (kg) | 44.70 (7.92) | 44.52 (7.84) | 0.19 (–0.15 to 0.52) | .28 |
|
|
Fat mass (kg) | 21.15 (8.66) | 20.15 (8.00) | 0.92 (0.33 to 1.53) | .003 |
| Bone mineral density | |||||
|
|
STIe | 84.41 (17.66) | 83.41 (19.56) | 1.00 (–3.84 to 5.84) | .68 |
|
|
t valuef | –1.13 (0.93) | –1.19 (1.04) | 0.53 (–0.21 to 0.31) | .69 |
|
|
z valueg | 0.46 (1.41) | 0.41 (1.53) | 0.54 (–0.35 to 0.45) | .79 |
| Physical fitness | |||||
|
|
Handgrip strength (kg) | 25.01 (7.38) | 20.60 (8.14) | 4.41 (2.96, 5.86) | <.001 |
|
|
Vital capacity (ml) | 1776.29 (579.87) | 1514.00 (568.43) | 261.99 (143.84 to 380.14) | <.001 |
|
|
Agility (s) | 0.89 (0.56) | 1.23 (0.80) | –0.35 (–0.53 to –0.17) | <.001 |
|
|
Balance ability (s) | 4.78 (6.13) | 6.46 (8.64) | –1.68 (–3.54 to 0.17) | .08 |
|
|
Flexibility (cm) | 7.44 (6.73) | 8.53 (7.15) | –1.08 (–2.68 to 0.51) | .18 |
aSBP: systolic blood pressure.
bDBP: diastolic blood pressure.
cSEVR: subendocardial viability ratio.
dbaPWV: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.
eSTI: stiffness index.
fUsed to evaluate the absolute risk of fracture.
gPrimarily used to assess the relative risk of fracture for comparison between peers.