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. 2021 Jun 7;40:188. doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-01996-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — GPD1 serves an important role in hypoxia and lipid metabolism pathways in ccRCC. (A) Dot plots for groups (1–3) identified by a t-SNE algorithm based on hypoxic hallmark genes and Kaplan-Meier plots for overall survival. (B) Dot plots for groups (1–3) identified by a t-SNE algorithm based on lipid metabolism hallmark genes and Kaplan-Meier plots for overall survival. (C) Heatmaps showing expression profiles for hypoxia-related DEGs, lipid-related DEGs, and DEGs between ccRCC and benign kidney tissues in the TCGA database. (D) A Venn diagram showing overlapping hypoxia-related DEGs, lipid-related DEGs, and DEGs between ccRCC and benign kidney tissues in the TCGA database. (E) LASSO Cox regression model that selected 24 prognostic hypoxia-lipid-related DEGs. (F) Alterations in mRNA levels of 24 prognostic hypoxia-lipid-related DEGs under hypoxic conditions. Abbreviations: GPD1, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1; ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; t-SNE, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding; DEGs, differently expressed genes; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; LASSO, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator