Table 4.
The effect of the malaria diagnostic refresher training on malaria microscopy by characteristics of study participants
| Variable | Pre-test detection | Post-test detection | Pre-test speciation | Post-test speciation | Pre-test quantification | Post-test quantification | Pre-test overall | Post-test overall | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (Interquartile range) % | |||||||||
| Regions | |||||||||
| Ashanti | 55 (26) | 90 (21) | 11 (22) | 83 (27.5) | 0 (25) | 40 (30) | 26.7(15.8) | 70 (23) | < 0.001 |
| Brong Ahafo | 64 (23) | 86 (21) | 17 (22) | 78 (22) | 0 (25) | 75 (50) | 29.3 (17) | 72.7 (21) | < 0.001 |
| Central | 64 (16) | 91 (20) | 17 (22) | 71 (32) | 22.5 (25) | 50 (50) | 35.5 (13) | 69.3 (23) | < 0.001 |
| Eastern | 70 (23) | 87 (20) | 22 (20) | 80 (30) | 25 (40) | 50 (47) | 38.3 (18) | 69.5 (18.7) | < 0.001 |
| Greater Accra | 70 (22) | 86 (20) | 22 (22) | 83 (22) | 22.5 (40) | 50 (50) | 34.5(16.7) | 71.8 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
| Northern | 64 (23) | 86 (14) | 17 (22) | 75(32) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.3(15.7) | 69 (22.7) | < 0.001 |
| Upper East | 64 (23) | 91 (14) | 14 (22) | 72.5 (39) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 31.3 (16) | 72.7 (30) | < 0.001 |
| Upper West | 64 (23) | 82 (20) | 33 (37) | 78 (29) | 25 (25) | 50 (50) | 40.3(22.2) | 72.2 (20.5) | < 0.001 |
| Volta | 64 (18) | 82 (20) | 14 (33) | 78 (31) | 20 (25) | 50 (55) | 34.3(17.7) | 71.3 (25.7) | < 0.001 |
| Western | 61 (21) | 90 (13) | 14 (33) | 86 (33) | 0 (25) | 40 (30) | 30 (14.7) | 71 (18.3) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 64 (23) | 86 (14) | 17 (22) | 78 (26) | 20 (25) | 50 (50) | 33 (17.3) | 71.3 (21) | < 0.001 |
| Female | 64 (23) | 90 (14) | 17 (22) | 78 (32) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.3(19.5) | 70 (21.5) | < 0.001 |
| Trained history | |||||||||
| Had prior training | 71 (29) | 90.5 (20) | 33 (42) | 86 (33) | 25 (40) | 50 (50) | 42.3 (25) | 75.7 (19) | < 0.001 |
| No prior training | 64 (23) | 86 (14) | 17 (22) | 78 (32) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 31 (15.3) | 71 (20.3) | < 0.001 |
| Type of facility | |||||||||
| Clinic | 64 (16) | 86 (14) | 33 (19) | 83 (23) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 34.6 (14) | 71.6 (24.3) | < 0.001 |
| Health centre | 64 (23) | 84 (20) | 17 (22) | 67 (39) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 30 (19.3) | 66.5 (23.6) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital | 64(18) | 90 (14) | 17 (22) | 78 (22) | 20 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.7 (17.3) | 71.3 (21.3) | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory | 64 (22.5) | 85 (20) | 22 (32) | 68.5 (34) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.7(22.5) | 71.3 (17.2) | < 0.001 |
| Polyclinic | 65.5 (20) | 90 (18) | 22 (22) | 88 (33) | 25 (40) | 60 (50) | 37 (18) | 74.8 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
| Facility ownership | |||||||||
| CHAG | 64 (18) | 90 (21) | 22 (22) | 83 (23) | 20 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.5 (14.3) | 70.7 (18.3) | < 0.001 |
| Government | 64 (18) | 87 (14) | 17 (22) | 78 (26) | 20 (25) | 50 (50) | 33.3 (17.8) | 72 (21.8) | < 0.001 |
| Private | 64 (23) | 86 (20) | 17 (22) | 71 (30) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 30 (18.2) | 68.8 (20.7) | < 0.001 |
| Quasi Government | 55 (21) | 82 (36) | 17 (22) | 71 (30) | 20 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.3 (21) | 72.7 (28) | < 0.001 |
| Year of training | |||||||||
| 2015 | 64 (25) | 90 (11) | 22 (27) | 78 (26) | 20 (25) | 60 (55) | 34 (19) | 73.3 (21) | < 0.001 |
| 2017 | 64 (18) | 90.5 (18) | 17 (33) | 71 (32.5) | 25 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.8 (17) | 70.5 (21.7) | < 0.001 |
| 2019 | 64 (21) | 86 (14) | 22 (22) | 88.5 (33) | 0 (25) | 25 (25) | 32.3 (16) | 69 (19.7) | < 0.001 |
| Cadre of participants trained | |||||||||
| MLS | 64 (23) | 91 (20) | 17 (22) | 83 (23) | 25 (25) | 50 (50) | 35.3 (17) | 72.3 (21.3) | < 0.001 |
| TO | 64 (23) | 86 (14) | 17 (22) | 78 (32) | 0 (25) | 50 (50) | 32.3 (17) | 69 (22) | < 0.001 |
| LA | 57 (20) | 86 (20) | 14 (29) | 71 (39) | 0 (25) | 25 (25) | 27.3 (15) | 63.7 (21) | < 0.001 |
MLS: Medical laboratory scientists, TO: Technical officers, MLA: Medical laboratory assistants (MLA)