Figure 1.

Probiotics DSF and L. Rhamnosus reverse NLB-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. Adult NLB rats received tap water (vehicle), or tap water containing DSF (112.5 billion CFU/150 ml) or L. Rhamnosus (10 billion CFU/150 ml). NLB rats were hyperalgesic (dashed lines indicate muscle mechanical nociceptive threshold in rats raised on standard bedding) prior to probiotics. While rats receiving tap water showed no change in nociceptive threshold, both probiotics significantly increased nociceptive threshold in males (2- way ANOVA, interaction F8,132 = 21.67, P < 0.0001, Tukey’s multiple comparison test showed significant differences for both probiotics from vehicle control rats on days 6 – 12 ****P < 0.0001); all groups n = 12.