Table 6.
Binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis of determinant factors of low Apgar score among newborns who delivered at Hawassa public hospitals from March - August 2018
| Variables | Category | 5th minute low Apgar score | Odds ratio (95%CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | Controls | COR | AOR | ||
| Sex | Female | 47(35.1) | 120(44.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 87(64.9) | 147(55.1) | 1.5 (0.99-2.32) | 1.4 (0.86-2.46) | |
| Gestational age at birth | Term | 111(82.8) | 242(90.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Post-term | 23(17.2) | 25(9.4) | 2.0 (1.09-3.69) | 0.7 (0.31-1.74) | |
| Fetal presentation | Cephalic | 110(82.1) | 245(91.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Breech | 15(11.2) | 16(6.0) | 2.1 (0.99-4.37) | 1.5 (0.55-4.01) | |
| Othersa | 9(6.7) | 6(2.2) | 3.3 (1.16-9.67) | 2.1 (0.57-7.95) | |
| Gestational weight at birth | Low birth weight | 34(25.4) | 15(5.6) | 5.9 (3.10-11.46) | 6.2 (2.78-14)** |
| Macrosomia | 8(6) | 10(3.7) | 2.1 (0.81-5.50) | 2.6 (0.82-8.08) | |
| Normal | 92(68.7) | 242(90.6) | 1 | 1 | |
| Residence | Urban | 69(51.7) | 188(70.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 65(48.5) | 79(29.6) | 2.2 (1.46-3.44) | 4(2.21-7.34)** | |
| Educational status | No formal education | 38(28.4) | 34(12.7) | 3.9 (1.84-8.31) | 1.8 (0.64-5.01) |
| Primary | 47(35.1) | 98(36.7) | 1.7 (0.84-3.34) | 0.9 (0.41-2.17) | |
| Secondary | 35(26.1) | 86(32.2) | 1.4 (0.70-2.90) | 1.1 (0.49-2.47) | |
| College and above | 14(10.4) | 49(18.4) | 1 | 1 | |
| Physical and Emotional support | Yes | 89(66.4) | 234(87.6) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 45(33.6) | 33(12.4) | 3.6 (2.15-5.98) | 3.5(1.82-6.76)** | |
| Gravidity | Primigravida | 62(46.3) | 94(35.2) | 1 | |
| Multigravida | 54(40.3) | 155(58.1) | 0.5 (0.34-0.82) | 0.9(0.52-1.56) | |
| Grand multipara | 18(13.4) | 18(6.7) | 1.5 (0.73-3.14) | 0.8(0.33-2.18) | |
| ANC contacts | Yes | 123(91.8) | 257(96.3) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 11(8.2) | 10(3.7) | 2.3 (0.95-5.56) | 3.5(1.91-6.33)** | |
| APH | Yes | 16(11.9) | 10(3.7) | 3.5 (1.54-7.91) | 2.4 (0.84-6.68) |
| No | 118(88.1) | 257(96.3) | 1 | 1 | |
| PIH | Yes | 24(17.9) | 26(9.7) | 2.0 (1.11-3.68) | 1.4 (0.64-2.93) |
| No | 110(82.1) | 241(90.3) | 1 | 1 | |
| MSAF | Yes | 45(33.6) | 41(15.4) | 2.8 (1.71-4.54) | 1.2 (0.64-2.22) |
| No | 89(66.4) | 226(84.6) | 1 | ||
| Prolonged second stage of labor | Yes | 49(36.6) | 46(17.2) | 2.8 (1.72-4.45) | 1.3 (0.41-3.91) |
| No | 85(63.4) | 221(82.8) | 1 | 1 | |
| Mode of delivery | SVD | 66(49.3) | 167(62.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Instrumental | 37(27.6) | 54(20.2) | 1.7 (1.04-2.88) | 1.5 (0.81-2.92) | |
| Cesarean Section | 31(23.1) | 46 (17.2) | 1.7 (0.99-2.92) | 0.9 (0.45-1.86) | |
| Anemia | Yes | 18(13.4) | 24(9.0) | 1.571(0.82-3.01) | 2.3(1.10-4.71)* |
| No | 116 (86.6) | 243(91.0) | 1 | 1 | |
| Othersa Shoulder, brow, and compound presentation | |||||
| SVD Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery | |||||
Key points
*significant at p-value <0.05
**significant at p-value <0.001