Table 4.
Descriptive data, t-test and effect sizes (d) of differences between two evaluation strategies for scales of clinical simulation satisfaction (n = 218)
| Scale | Formative evaluation (n = 106) |
Summative evaluation (n = 112) |
t(1,217) | Sig. | Effect size (d) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) |
Mean (SD) |
||||
| Simulation utility | 56.59 (5.584) | 52.67 (10.109) | 21.71 | .001 | 3.925 |
| Characteristics of cases and application | 18.57 (1.487) | 16.74 (2.690) | 27.84 | <.001 | 1.825 |
| Communication | 14.36 (1.244) | 12.98 (2.379) | 42.13 | <.001 | 1.376 |
| Self-reflection on performance | 14.28 (1.119) | 12.73 (2.438) | 35.84 | <.001 | 1.551 |
| Increased self-confidence | 13.72 (1.378) | 11.71 (3.071) | 42.87 | <.001 | 2.003 |
| Relation between theory and practice | 13.78 (1.345) | 11.71 (2.447) | 41.43 | <.001 | 2.069 |
| Facilities and equipment | 12.20 (1.775) | 11.58 (2.225) | 4.29 | .024 | .618 |
| Negative aspects of simulation | 3.73 (1.231) | 4.77 (.849) | 12.09 | <.001 | -.947 |
| Total score | 147.23 (9.977) | 134.61 (21.955) | 35.10 | <.001 | 12.619 |