Table 1.

Variables Assessed at Baseline

Demographic characteristics • Age (continuous) • Gender (female, male) • Ethnicity (White, Black/African American, Hispanic) • Married26 (no, yes) • Lesbian/gay/bisexual27 (no, yes) • Working (no, yes) • High school education or less (no, yes) • Low family income, defined as <$20,000/year (no, yes) Smoking characteristics • Nicotine dependence, measured with the 6-item Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) (range: 0–10)28 • Smoking half a pack a day or more (no, yes) • >10 years of smoking (no, yes) • Number of quit attempts in the past 12 months (continuous) • Number of friends who smoke (continuous) • Partner who smokes (no, yes) • Any use of e-cigarettes in the past 30 days (no, yes) • Commitment to quitting smoking, measured with a modified, 11-item version of the Commitment to Quitting Scale (range: 1–5)29 • Acceptance of physical cravings, measured with the 9-item “Physical Sensations” subscale of the Avoidance and Inflexibility Scale (range: 1–5), adapted from Refs. [30,31] Mental health characteristics • Hazardous alcohol consumption, defined as ≥4 drinks per day for women and ≥5 drinks per day for men (no, yes) • Depression, measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) Scale, with scores of ≥16 classified as screening positive32 (no, yes) • Anxiety, measured with the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale, with scores of ≥10 classified as a positive screen33 (no, yes) • Panic, measured with the Autonomic Nervous System Questionnaire, with those reporting ≥one panic attack within the past month that occurred in a situation in which they were not in danger or the center of attention classified as a positive screen34 (no, yes) • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), measured with the PTSD Checklist, with scores of ≥14 classified as screening positive35 (no, yes) • Social anxiety, measured with the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory, with scores of ≥6 indicating a positive screen36 (no, yes) • Self-reported presence of bipolar disorder (no, yes), schizophrenia (no, yes), and drug abuse (no, yes), measured with a single item developed by the North American Quitline Consortium (“Do you have any of the following mental health conditions?”)37 Physical health characteristics • Mobility (i.e., problems in walking about), self-care (i.e., problems washing oneself), the ability to perform usual activities (e.g., work, study, housework) and experience of bodily pain/discomfort, measured with the EuroQol EQ-5D Questionnaire (range: 1–5)38 • Self-rated health status (range: 0–100), measured with a single item (“How good is your health today?”)