FIGURE 7.

The efficiency of CHV1 and MyRV1 horizontal transmission via hyphal anastomosis in the dcl2 knockout mutant of V. mali. (A) Co-culture on PDA plates of the virus-free V. mali mutant strain and the virus-infected V. mali mutant strain as recipient and donor viruses, respectively. After 1 week of hyphal contact, mycelial plugs were taken from three locations (a near, middle, and far distance from the hyphal fusion areas) in the recipient side, transferred onto new PDA plates and cultured in PDB for dsRNA extraction. (B–D) Detection of viral dsRNAs in recipient strains co-cultured with CHV1-infected (B), MyRV1-infected (C), and CHV1 + MyRV1-infected strains (D). The numbers below the lanes indicate the number of samples in which viral dsRNAs were detected per total number of samples. (E) Co-culture on a PDA plate of CHV1-infected and MyRV1-infected V. mali mutant strains. After 1 week of hyphal contact, mycelial plugs were removed from three locations on both sides, transferred onto new PDA plates and cultured in PDB for dsRNA extraction. (F) Detection of viral dsRNAs in fungal strains obtained in the co-culture experiment described in (E).