Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Psychol Personal Sci. 2020 Apr 3;12(1):14–24. doi: 10.1177/1948550619887702

Table 5.

The Liptak-Stouffer Z-Scores for the Moderating Effects of Individual Difference Variables.

Full Sample
 After Exclusiona
Error Rate RT Error Rate RT
Action orientation 0.45 −1.27 0.05 −0.85
Lay theory about willpower 0.65 2.06* 1.30 1.10
Trait self-control 0.55 0.20 0.57 0.70

Note. RT = reaction times.

a

Results obtained after excluding participants who might have responded randomly.

*

p < .05.

**

p < .01.

***

p < .001.