Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Fam Violence. 2020 Mar 11;36(3):337–346. doi: 10.1007/s10896-020-00149-1

Table 1.

Class differences on demographics, psychological functioning, and pregnancy outcomes

Outcome variable Class 1 Low exposure
(n=146)
Class 2 Child neglect-only
(n =46)
Class 3 Child abuse/neglect
(n =23)
Class 4 Polytrauma
abuse, neglect and IPV
(n =10)
N M or % SE M or % SE M or % SE M or % SE χ2
Demographics
Age 225 26.89 0.47 26.77 0.72 27.66 1.01 27.80 1.90 0.77
Latinx 225 75.4% 0.04 84.6% 0.05 91.3% 0.06 70.0% 0.15 6.48
Couple status 223 44.0% 0.04 38.7% 0.08 52.1% 0.11 20.0% 0.13 4.31
Education 224 79.8% 0.03 50.0% 0.16 67.9% 0.07 65.3% 0.10 6.32
Household Hardship 225 3.10 0.22 3.80 0.51 6.67 0.68 6.60 1.20 32.02***
Stress and Social Support
MSPSS 224 69.82 1.36 50.70 2.90 55.75 2.86 43.80 3.65 75.91***
PSS 225 18.35 0.54 13.75 1.39 22.64 1.15 21.60 1.15 31.16***
Stressful Life Events 225 2.67 0.20 3.05 0.41 5.10 0.89 6.50 1.51 13.26**
PDQ 225 8.51 0.50 9.76 1.18 11.32 1.36 11.40 1.44 6.86
Symptoms and Emotion Dysregulation
DERS 225 63.89 1.33 77.51 2.32 83.06 5.43 98.20 9.63 43.12***
DASS Depression 225 3.09 0.52 3.95 0.66 10.83 2.45 19.60 3.87 26.81***
DASS Anxiety 225 3.44 0.43 3.46 0.51 10.44 2.21 15.60 3.05 25.12***
STRESS PTSD 225 17.69 1.49 16.24 2.34 26.38 3.39 33.50 5.27 14.51**
Alcohol in pregnancy 217 0.25 0.04 0.17 0.06 0.48 0.10 0.10 0.10 8.96*

Note. Latinx was coded such that 1 indicates Latinx status and 0 indicates non-Latinx. Couple status was coded such that a 1 indicates being married or in a committed relationship and a 0 indicates being single, divorced, or widowed. Education was coded such that a 1 meant high school graduate or more education and 0 indicates less than a high school education.

p < .10,

*

p < .05,

**

p < .01,

***

p < .001