Fig. 1. Genetic ablation of IL-6 reverses GBM immunosuppression.

GBM was induced by RCAS-mediated genetic engineering in Ntv-a;Ink4a-Arf^−/−;Pten^fl/fl;LSL-Luc donor mice, followed by orthotopic tumor implantation into Cdh5-Cre^ERT2;Il6^fl/fl recipient mice that were pretreated with (IL-6-ΔEC) or without (Control) tamoxifen. Two weeks after tumor implantation, tumors were excised. a Schematic approach. b, c Tumor-derived single-cell suspensions were analyzed by CyTOF. b Representative CyTOF sorting. c Quantitative results (mean ± SEM, n = 4 mice). Statistical analysis by two-tailed Student’s t-test. d–f Tumor-derived single-cell suspensions were analyzed by flow cytometry. d Analysis for CD3⁺ T cells. Left, representative cell sortings. Right, quantified results (n = 6 mice, mean ± SEM). Statistical analysis by two-tailed Student’s t-test. e, f Analysis for e CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells or f myeloid cells (n = 6 mice, mean ± SEM). Statistical analysis by two-tailed Student’s t-test. g, h Tissue lysates from normal brains and tumors were subjected to ELISA analysis for g IL-10 and h TGF-β expression (mean ± SEM, n = 4 mice for IL-6-ΔEC GBM group and n = 3 mice for other groups). Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s test. Source data are provided as a Source data file.