Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jun 8;12:3447. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23660-5

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 1 — a, b Embryos from ID mothers have gross sub-cutaneous oedema. Representative images of control (a) and ID (b) E15.5 embryos. Black arrows indicate subcutaneous oedema. c Histograms of a developmental time-course showing significant embryonic lethality from E12.5. d–g Representative frontal H&E sections of hearts from control (d) and ID (e–g) E15.5 embryos. VSD (black arrows), AVSD (yellow arrow), thin ventricular myocardium (black arrowheads) and disorganised ventricular septum (yellow arrowheads) are indicated. Relative incidence of each phenotype in all hearts analysed by µMRI, HREM and paraffin sectioning are indicated. h–q Abnormal cushion formation in E12.5 ID embryos. h–l Representative 3D Amira reconstructions of OFT cushions from manually segmented HREM data showing dorsal (h–l) and ventral (h’–l’) views of (h) E12.5 control embryo, (i) normally rotated OFT from E12.5 ID embryo, (j) partially rotated OFT from E12.5 ID embryo, (k) non-rotated OFT from E12.5 ID embryo, (l) E11.5 control embryo. The left OFT cushion (yellow), right OFT cushion (green), aortic ICC (pink) and pulmonary ICC (blue) are shown. White arrows indicate unfused proximal cushions. m–q 3D reconstructions of the AV cushions showing dorsal (m–q) and ventral (m’–q’) views from the same embryos. The superior AV cushion (red), inferior AV cushion (cyan), left lateral AV cushion (orange) and right lateral AV cushion (purple) are shown. Yellow arrows indicate non-touching AV cushions. Statistical significance was tested using one-sided Fisher’s exact test (panel c). P values: E9.5 0.0143; E10.5 0.1735; E11.5 0.7273; E12.5 < 0.0001; E13.5 < 0.0001; E14.5 < 0.0001; E15.5 < 0.0001. ns not significant, *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001. Scale bar = 2 mm (a, b) and 200 µm (d–g).