Fig. 26.

a Three-electrode ZABs charge and discharge polarization plots of commercial Pt/C, P-CNS, S-CNS, and P, S-CNS catalyst as air electrodes. b Schematic representation for the tri-electrode ZABs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [158]. c Charge and discharge polarization curves for three-electrode ZABs with P-CNF, S-CNF, PS-CNF, and Pt/C catalysts as both air electrodes. d Schematic representation of the all-solid-state rechargeable Zn–air battery performance with N-GCNT/FeCo-3 acting as the air cathode. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [160]. e Galvanostatic discharge curves of the N–C or Fe–N–C cathode at the specific discharge current density of 10 mA cm⁻². f Photograph of blue-light LED powered by two primary Zn-air batteries connected in series with N–C or Fe–N–C as the cathode catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [161]. Copyright permissions from Wiley–VCH, American Chemical Society, Elsevier, and Royal Society of Chemistry. (Color figure online)