Fig. 3.

NP-CNPs’ a schematic diagram, b SEM image, c as well as N–CNPs’ rate capacities in the range of 0.05–5.0 A g⁻¹, d long cycle capacities at 1.0 A g⁻¹ over 4000 cycles. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [107]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. e SEM image of CNC. f Schematic illustration of CNC. g Discharge capability retention corresponding to rate performance (inset). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [42]. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons