Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the participants in training set and validation set stratified by AS.
| Training set | Validation set | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Non-AS | AS | Pa | Pb | All | Non-AS | AS | Pa | |
| n | 1,089 | 825 | 264 | 700 | 508 | 192 | |||
| Age | 57.74 (14.03) | 53.41 (11.42) | 71.27 (12.78) | <0.001 | 58.89 (13.67) | 54.85 (11.87) | 69.57 (12.30) | <0.001 | |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 752 (69.1) | 552 (66.9) | 200 (75.8) | 0.009 | 478 (68.3) | 343 (67.5) | 135 (70.3) | 0.537 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.49 (3.40) | 24.75 (3.35) | 23.69 (3.45) | <0.001 | 24.23 (3.46) | 24.42 (3.46) | 23.75 (3.43) | 0.023 | |
| CAVI (m/s) | 8.17 (1.46) | 7.55 (0.90) | 10.10 (1.16) | <0.001 | 8.24 (1.51) | 7.53 (0.92) | 10.14 (1.05) | <0.001 | |
| Smoke, yes, n (%) | 343 (31.50) | 251 (30.40) | 92 (34.8) | 0.204 | 203 (29.00) | 151 (29.7) | 52 (27.1) | 0.553 | |
| Alcohol, yes, n (%) | 305 (28.00) | 240 (29.10) | 65 (24.6) | 0.184 | 168 (24.00) | 137 (27.0) | 31 (16.1) | 0.004 | |
| LY (G/L) | 1.80 [1.43, 2.20] | 1.84 [1.50, 2.23] | 1.60 [1.26, 2.00] | <0.001 | 0.914 | 1.76 [1.40,2.41] | 1.80 [1.47, 2.16] | 1.52 [1.19, 2.04] | <0.001 |
| NE (G/L) | 3.19 [2.58, 4.09] | 3.10 [2.51, 3.93] | 3.52 [2.72, 4.41] | <0.001 | <0.001 | 3.17 [2.56,4.00] | 3.13 [2.54, 3.93] | 3.23 [2.61, 4.12] | 0.111 |
| MO (G/L) | 0.37 [0.27, 0.47] | 0.34 [0.27, 0.45] | 0.41 [0.32, 0.53] | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.36 [0.27,0.46] | 0.35 [0.26, 0.45] | 0.38 [0.29, 0.47] | 0.018 |
| PLT (G/L) | 207.00 [169.00, 242.00] | 209.00 [175.00, 245.00] | 196.50 [154.75, 234.00] | <0.001 | 0.063 | 205.00 [173.00,239.00] | 209.50 [178.00, 245.00] | 191.50 [157.50, 226.50] | <0.001 |
| NLR | 1.77 [1.37, 2.42] | 1.68 [1.31, 2.25] | 2.09 [1.66, 3.08] | <0.001 | 0.003 | 1.83 [1.40,2.41] | 1.72 [1.36, 2.27] | 2.12 [1.66, 2.82] | <0.001 |
| MLR | 0.20 [0.15, 0.27] | 0.19 [0.14, 0.24] | 0.25 [0.19, 0.35] | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.21 [0.15,0.28] | 0.20 [0.14, 0.26] | 0.23 [0.18, 0.32] | <0.001 |
| PLR | 115.54 [90.87, 142.55] | 114.44 [90.87, 137.97] | 122.67 [90.54, 156.06] | 0.008 | 0.034 | 117.00 [93.40,150.61] | 115.39 [93.40, 148.63] | 120.65 [93.56, 159.28] | 0.148 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 358.70 [292.80, 429.20] | 358.10 [290.40, 431.10] | 363.70 [296.57, 423.00] | 0.763 | 356.30 [286.03,422.62] | 359.50 [291.12, 429.05] | 345.45 [277.25, 409.77] | 0.177 | |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.97 [4.59, 5.57] | 4.92 [4.56, 5.45] | 5.19 [4.68, 6.21] | <0.001 | 5.00 [4.59,5.56] | 4.95 [4.57, 5.46] | 5.24 [4.70, 5.93] | <0.001 | |
| TGs (mmol/L) | 1.35 [0.97, 2.08] | 1.43 [0.99, 2.19] | 1.15 [0.87, 1.84] | <0.001 | 1.30 [0.92,1.90] | 1.40 [1.00, 2.01] | 1.17 [0.82, 1.62] | <0.001 | |
| CHOL (mmol/L) | 4.34 [3.63, 5.08] | 4.48 [3.82, 5.16] | 3.96 [3.26, 4.66] | <0.001 | 4.24 [3.57,4.94] | 4.36 [3.70, 5.04] | 3.88 [3.27, 4.65] | <0.001 | |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.61 [1.98, 3.21] | 2.71 [2.11, 3.24] | 2.24 [1.68, 2.93] | <0.001 | 2.46 [1.95,3.13] | 2.59 [2.07, 3.17] | 2.19 [1.64, 2.74] | <0.001 | |
| HTN, yes, n (%) | 619 (56.8) | 414 (50.2) | 205 (77.7) | <0.001 | 422 (60.30) | 276 (54.3) | 146 (76.0) | <0.001 | |
| DM, yes, n (%) | 237 (21.8) | 145 (17.6) | 92 (34.8) | <0.001 | 220 (34.10) | 129 (25.4) | 91 (47.4) | <0.001 | |
Values are represented as mean (SD), medians [interquartile range (IQR)], or n (%).
Between the groups, the t test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to continuity data with and without normal distribution, respectively; the χ2 test was used for categorical data.
The differences of inflammatory indicators between AS and non-AS by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and covariates include age, sex, TGs, BMI, CHOL, DM, and HTN.
AS, arterial stiffness; non-AS, non-arterial stiffness; CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; BMI, body mass index; LY, lymphocyte; NE, neutrophil; MO, monocyte; PLT, platelet; NLR, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio; MLR, monocyte–lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet–lymphocyte ratio; UA, uric acid; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TGs, triglycerides; CHOL, cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes.