Figure 2. Mass-media coverage of clinical trials and the subsequent scandals. This figure shows the number of news items reporting on the clinical trials and on the scandals. Quarterly data covering the period from April 2005 through March 2017 were obtained from a commercial database that includes news releases and many Japanese newspapers. The search terms for the trials were “JIKEI-HEART, CASE-J, or KYOTO-HEART” in Japanese. The search terms for the scandals were “(valsartan or candesartan or ARB) and (research fraud, or conflict of interest, or data manipulation, or data falsification, or hype)” in Japanese.