Fig. 1. Adaptive nano-scope for vector-field controlled tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy based on dynamic wavefront shaping.

a Schematic diagram of the experimental setup. For wavefront shaping, a He-Ne laser (λ = 632.8 nm) is spatially filtered and expanded to overfill the active area of spatial light modulator (SLM). The wavefront-shaped beam is imaged onto the back aperture of an objective lens (OL) in a 4f system for dynamical manipulation of the tip-LSP. Abbreviations: single-mode fiber (SMF), half-wave plate (λ/2), polarizing beam splitter (PBS), beam splitter (BS), dichroic mirror (DM), tuning fork (TF), and edge filter (EF). b Evolution of TEPL intensity of a WSe₂ monolayer during the optimization of spatial phase mask (PM) by a stepwise sequential algorithm. With the optimized PM, >2 × stronger TEPL response is obtained compared to conventional TEPL set-up. PMs in (b) are illustrations (see Supplementary Fig. 2 for real PMs we used).