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. 2021 May 26;12:676619. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676619

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Copyright © 2021 Smets, Prezzemolo, Imbrechts, Mallants, Mitera, Humblet-Baron, Dubois, Matthys, Liston and Goris

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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BAFF enhances B cell subset shift, but not IL-10 production, in treated patients. Association of treatment status (UNT = untreated, visualized in white; IFNB = interferon-β, visualized in dark grey) and stimulation condition (medium, BAFF, CpG or BAFF + CpG) with (A) B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB), (B) transitional B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6UNT, 5 IFNB), (C) naïve B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 5 IFNB), (D) memory CD27+ B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 5 IFNB), (E) IL10+ B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 5 IFNB), (F) IL10+ transitional B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 5 IFNB), (G) IL10+ naïve B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 5 IFNB) and (H) IL10+ memory CD27+ B cells (NMedium= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NBAFF= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG= 6 UNT, 6 IFNB; NCpG+BAFF= 6 UNT, 5 IFNB). To test for differences between untreated and IFNB treated patients, we used a Wilcoxon test. To test for differences between medium and other stimulation conditions or CpG and CpG + BAFF within the IFNB treated and untreated patients, we used a Sign-test. P values ≤ 0.05 are depicted. Box-whisker plots represent median, quartiles and 1.5 x IQR.