TABLE 1.
TCM herbal extracts or TCM-derived compounds with anti-HCoV activity.
| TCM | Model of action | Ref. (PMID) |
|---|---|---|
| Glycyrrhizin | The inhibitory role of virus attachment, entry, and replication | 12814717 |
| Baicalin | The inhibitory role of the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV and interaction of SARS-CoV S protein and ACE2 | 32333601 22136493 |
| Quercetin, GCG, herbicin, rhifofolin, and pectolinarin | The inhibitory role of the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV | 31724441 31020684 22350287 |
| Scutellarein | The inhibitory role of the SARS-CoV helicase protein | 22578462 31131400 |
| Herbacetin, isobavachalcone, quercetin 3‐β‐d‐glucoside, and helichrysetin | The inhibitory role of the enzymatic activity of MERS‐CoV 3CLpro | 31131400 |
| Ginsenoside-Rb1 | The inhibitory role of SARS-CoV replication | 15226499 |
| Saikosaponins | The inhibitory role of viral cellular entry, adsorption, and penetration | 32345124 |
| TGG | The inhibitory role the interaction of SARS-CoV S-protein and ACE2 | 15452254 |
| Emodin | The inhibitory role of the S protein and ACE2 interaction | 21356245 |
| Six phytoextracts from ciwujia, longdan, shuyu, juemingzi, and sangjisheng | The inhibitory role of SARS-CoV replication | 9039785 |
| Gancao, huangqin, kuxingren, jinyinhua, and lianqiao | The anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-pyretic and anti-spasmodic, and anti-asthmatic effects | 16437747 |
| Banxia and chenpi | In the recovery stage | 32247022 |
| Gouji | The inhibitory role of the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV | 9039785 |
| Banlangen | The inhibitory role of the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV | 16115693 |
| Dahuang | The inhibitory role of the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV | 20103835 |
| Yuxingcao | The inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV 3CLpro and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) | 18479853 |