Table 2.

Recent in vitro studies of developing NPs for the treatment of AD. Tf: transferrin; TfR: transferrin receptor

Nanocarrier type	Drug	Targeting ligand	Size [nm]	Remarks	Ref.
SLNP	Resveratrol/grape‐skin or grape‐seed extracts	OX26 mAb a)	168–189	Reduce Aβ 1‐42 aggregation NPs crossed in vitro BBB model	[ 178 ]
SLNP	Rapamycin (an mTORC1 inhibitor)	Tween 80	70–750	Higher encapsulation efficiency with Compritol	[ 179 ]
PLGA	iAβ 5 (LPFFD) b)	OX26 + anti‐Aβ (DE2B4) antibody	166 ± 2	The cell uptake NPs increased from 8% (with OX26 only) to 14% (with DE2B4 and OX26) by porcine BCECs	[ 180 , 181 ]
Gold	None	None	30	Inhibiting Aβ fibrillization	[ 182 ]
PEG‐SPIONS c) , d)	None	None	20	Retarded fibrillization of Aβ	[ 183 ]

^a)Anti‐Tf receptor monoclonal antibody

^b)Inhibitor of Aβ formation

^c)Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

^d)Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) were withdrawn from the market due to safety issues.^{[ 184 ]}