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. 2021 May 26;15:645584. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.645584

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Copyright © 2021 Zhang, Liu, Patel, Chen, Wang, Yang, Meng, Wagle Shukla, Cen, Yu, Ramirez-Zamora and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A,B) A preoperative MRI revealed global atrophy, especially in the hippocampi and temporal lobes. (C,D) PET imaging showed β amyloid widely deposited in the brain. (E) Bilateral subdural effusion was identified by CT 1 week after surgery. (F) A fused image (left) of the patient's preoperative MRI and postoperative CT showed that the lead (arrow) was accurately implanted into the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) (dark blue circle = NBM; light blue circle = anterior commissure). Atlas (right) of the human brain. (G,H) Patient performance before and after NBM-deep brain stimulation (DBS). The patient was able to draw all geometric shapes after NBM-DBS but performed poorly before NBM-DBS. (I) Changes in memory performance by the patient over time.