FIGURE 1.

Hypothesized pathways by which livestock ownership influences child anaemia, mediated by ASF intake, morbidity symptoms or inflammation. Livestock ownership typologies were defined as five categories including no livestock; only poultry (<12); only poultry (≥12); small livestock +/− poultry; and cattle +/− small livestock or poultry. Child ASF intake was characterized as consumption of each type of ASF (cow meat; goat, sheep or pig meat; chicken meat; organ meats; eggs; cow milk) in the past 3 months. Child morbidity was considered separately for each type of illness (fever; diarrhoea; cough/cold) experienced in the past 7 days and elevated concentrations of each inflammatory biomarker (CRP > 5 mg/L; AGP > 1 g/L). Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin <11.0 g/dL