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. 2021 May 20;8:644095. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.644095

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Copyright © 2021 Al-kuraishy, Al-Gareeb, Alblihed, Guerreiro, Cruz-Martins and Batiha.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Potential effects of DPP4 inhibitors on the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4Is) have anti-inflammatory effects through the activation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, the activation of macrophage polarizations, and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines. DPP4Is inhibit the entry of SARS-CoV-2 through blocking of DPP4 receptors. The net effects of DPP4Is are lung protection with improvement in acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).