Table 2.

Factors to Consider in Future Studies Investigating HDL markers with Respect to Study Populations and Cardiovascular End Points

Type of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)  • represent a continuum of risk but also reflect varying pathology from chronic atherosclerotic and inflammatory processes to increased thrombotic and acute inflammatory perturbations	•Stable CHD •Unstable Angina •NSTEMI •STEMI
Coronary vs. peripheral arterial disease	•MI •Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis/ ischemic (non-embolic) stroke • Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
Atherosclerotic vs. non-atherosclerotic CVD	•Atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD):  • CHD, Cerebrovascular disease (atherosclerotic stroke, embolic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke), peripheral arterial disease •Non-atherosclerotic CVD:  • Heart failure, arrhythmias, vascular stiffness, etc.
Accounting for cardiometabolic medications	•Lipid-modifying drugs •Glucose-lowering drugs •Blood pressure drugs (affecting vascular tone)

HDL=high density lipoprotein; CHD=coronary heart disease; NSTEMI=non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI=ST elevation myocardial infarction; MI=myocardial infarction; CVD=cardiovascular disease;