Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants.
| Characteristics | HCs (n = 14) | EwoM (n = 16) | EwM (n = 16) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (M/F) | 7/7 | 7/9 | 6/10 | 0.774* |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 25.6 (4.6) | 28.8 (5.9) | 25.3 (6.3) | 0.169 |
| Education, years, mean (SD) | 12.6 (3.8) | 14.0 (4.0) | 11.9 (3.4) | 0.276 |
| MMSE, scores, mean (SD) | 29.4 (0.9) | 29.0 (1.8) | 28.3 (1.9) | 0.178 |
| HDRS, scores, mean (SD) | 1.4 (0.9) | 2.5 (1.3) | 7.6 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| Epilepsy duration, month, mean (SD) | - | 81.3 (53.7) | 75.3 (57.8) | 0.766 |
| Mean seizure frequency, times/year, mean (SD) | 2.3 (1.8) | 4.8 (2.7) | 0.005 | |
| Mean migraine frequency, days/month, mean (SD) | - | 1.5 (0.5) | ||
| Form of migraine | ||||
| IIM (patients number) | 7 | |||
| PIM | - | 12 | ||
| MwA | - | 1 | ||
| MwoA | - | 15 | ||
| VAS, scores, mean (SD) | - | 4.5 (1.4) | ||
| Medications | ||||
| Monotherapy (patients number) | 12 | 6 | 0.033* | |
| Drug combination | 4 | 10 | ||
SD, standard deviation; HCs, healthy controls; EwoM, epilepsy without migraine; EwM, epilepsy with comorbid migraine; MMSE, Mini-mental State Examination; HDRS, Hamilton depression rating scale; IIM, inter-ictal migraine; PIM, post ictal migraine; MwA, migraine with aura; MwoA, migraine without aura; VAS, visual analog scale/score; n, number. Medications presents antiepileptic drugs.
*
chi-square fisher exact test.