Table 2. Demographic and clinical findings among COVID-19 patients with thromboembolic events, stratified by mortality.
| All | Survivors | Non survivors | p-valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 1737 | 1461 (84.1) | 276 (15.9) | - | |
| Age, mean (SD) years | 65.5 (16.7) | 62.6 (16.2) | 80.7 (9.7) | <0.001 | |
| Sex female | 686 (39.5) | 589 (40.3) | 97 (35.1) | 0.107 | |
| Hypertension | 647 (37.2) | 504 (34.5) | 143 (51.8) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 263 (15.1) | 194 (13.3) | 69 (25.0) | <0.001 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 390 (22.5) | 315 (21.6) | 75 (27.2) | 0.040 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 64 (3.7) | 40 (2.7) | 24 (8.7) | <0.001 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 38 (2.2) | 25 (1.7) | 13 (4.7) | 0.002 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 72 (4.1) | 49 (3.4) | 23 (8.3) | <0.001 | |
| Previous ischemic heart disease | 91 (5.2) | 61 (4.2) | 30 (10.9) | <0.001 | |
| Previous cerebrovascular disease | 15 (0.9) | 10 (0.7) | 5 (1.8) | 0.063 | |
| Pneumonia or respiratory symptoms | 1606 (92.5) | 1353 (92.6) | 253 (91.7) | 0.587 | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 119 (6.9) | 76 (5.2) | 43 (15.6) | <0.001 | |
| Ex-smoker | 258 (14.9) | 213 (14.6) | 45 (16.3) | 0.460 | |
| Current smoker | 52 (3.0) | 45 (3.1) | 7 (2.5) | 0.627 | |
| Management | |||||
| ICU care | 117 (6.7) | 72 (4.9) | 45 (16.3) | <0.001 | |
| Days of hospitalization, median (IQR) | 7.0 (4.0–10.0) | 7.0 (4.0–10.0) | 5.0 (3.0–9.0) | <0.001 | |
| Thromboembolism Event | 64 (3.7) | 45 (3.1) | 19 (6.9) | 0.002 | |
| Venous thromboembolism | 49 (2.8) | 35 (2.4) | 14 (5.1) | 0.014 | |
| Acute ischemic stroke | 6 (0.3) | 3 (0.2) | 3 (1.1) | 0.022 | |
| Acute ischemic heart disease | 8 (0.5) | 5 (0.3) | 3 (1.1) | 0.094 | |
| Vital signs | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) mmHg | N = 1099 | 131.5 (21.5) | 131.9 (20.4) | 129.8 (25.9) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) mmHg | N = 1104 | 76.5 (33.0) | 77.6 (35.7) | 71.3 (14.2) | 0.242 |
| Oxygen saturation, mean (SD) | N = 1385 | 92.3 (7.1) | 93.4 (5.3) | 86.2 (11.4) | 0.018 |
| Laboratory determinations | |||||
| D-dimer, median (IQR) ng/mL | N = 257 | 822.5 (450.5–1745.5) | 690.0 (403.0–1217.0) | 3321.0 (1003.5–6526.0) | <0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, median (IQR) U/L | N = 277 | 28.2 (17.0–49.0) | 27.4 (17.7–46.9) | 26.1 (15.5–51.1) | 0.816 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, median (IQR) U/L | N = 284 | 34.0 (23.8–57.1) | 31.0 (22.8–51.9) | 46.2 (25.9–65.1) | 0.007 |
| Creatinine, median (IQR) mg/dL | N = 304 | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 1.0 (0.8–1.7) | 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, median (IQR) g/dL | N = 297 | 13.6 (12.2–14.8) | 13.9 (12.6–14.9) | 12.7 (11.8–13.8) | 0.001 |
| Leukocytes count, median (IQR) x10e3/μL | N = 308 | 6.6 (5.0–9.5) | 6.1 (4.9–8.5) | 8.4 (5.7–10.8) | 0.001 |
| Neutrophil count, median (IQR) x10e3/μL | N = 308 | 4.8 (3.3–7.6) | 4.4 (3.2–6.4) | 7.3 (4.1–11.1) | <0.001 |
| Platelets count, median (IQR) x103 per uL | N = 302 | 218.5 (168.3–299.5) | 224.5 (171.0–311.0) | 185.0 (141.0–240.0) | 0.002 |
| C reactive protein, median (IQR) mg/dl | N = 288 | 61.8 (24.2–118.6) | 54.5 (21.7–107.7) | 129.7 (48.2–238.9) | <0.001 |
| Prothrombin time, median (IQR) seconds | N = 259 | 13.2 (12.3–14.5) | 13.2 (12.3–14.5) | 13.8 (12.8–15.2) | 0.039 |
Values are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD unless otherwise stated. Statistically significant results are highlighted in bold. Reference ranges are as follows: d-dimer, 0 to 500 ng per milliliter; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), U/L <33–41; aspartate aminotransferase (AST), U/L <33–41; creatinine, mg/dL (0.7–1.2) mg/dL (0.5–0.9); hemoglobin, g/dL (12.3–15.3) (14.0–17.5); leukocytes, x10e3/μL (4.4–11.3); neutrophil count, x10e3/μL (1.5–7.5); platelet count, 150,000 to 450,000 per cubic microliter; C reactive protein, mg/L <5; prothrombin time, 9.9 to 14.2 seconds.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; ICU, intensive care unit.