Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study participants (N = 132).
| Characteristic | Pregnant women (n = 66) | p-value | Non-Pregnant women (n = 66) | p-value | p-value (vaccinated group)* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccination | Vaccination | ||||||
| Yes (n = 33) | No (n = 33) | Yes (n = 33) | No (n = 33) | ||||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| Mean (SD)† | 26.5 (5.2) | 26.4 (6.0) | 0.931 | 26.8 (5.2) | 26.1 (5.2) | 0.555 | 0.795 |
| Gestational age (in wks.) | |||||||
| Mean (SD)† (Min-Max) | 17.4 (7.8) (6–32) | 19.2 (7.7) 5–32) | 0.338 | - | - | - | |
| Trimester of pregnancy, n (%)‡ | |||||||
| 1st trimester (≤13 wks.) | 11 (33.3) | 11 (33.3) | 1.000 | - | - | - | |
| 2nd trimester (14–27 wks.) | 18 (54.6) | 18 (54.6) | - | - | |||
| 3rd trimester (≥ 28 wks.) | 4 (12.1) | 4 (12.1) | - | - | |||
| Number of pregnancy, n (%)‡ | |||||||
| 1 | 14 (42.4) | 9 (27.3) | 0.301 | - | - | - | |
| ≥2 | 19 (57.6) | 24 (72.7) | - | - | |||
| BMI | |||||||
| Mean (SD)† | 22.3 (4.6) | 21.1 (2.9) | 0.931 | 22.3 (4.7) | 22.9 (4.3) | 0.545 | 0.795 |
| Smoking history, n (%)‡ | |||||||
| Never smoked | 33 (100.0) | 33 (100.0) | 1.000 | 33 (100.0) | 33 (100.0) | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Influenza vaccination history‡ | |||||||
| Received last year (2017) | 4 (12.1) | 1 (3.0) | 0.355 | 7 (21.2) | 2 (6.1) | 0.110 | 0.511 |
| Not received in last year | 29 (87.9) | 32 (97.0) | 26 (78.8) | 31 (93.9) | |||
Abbreviations: SD, Standard deviation; wks, weeks; min, minimum; max, maximum; BMI, body mass index.
*p-values calculated comparing vaccinated pregnant and vaccinated non-pregnant group.
†p-value calculated using independent t-tests,
‡ p-value calculated using Exact probability test.