FIGURE 6.

Exercise training and acute exercise upregulate parallel autophagy pathways during high-fat feeding. Gastrocnemius muscles were collected after a 4-h fast and 36 h after exercise from wild-type and Bcl2^AAA mice given a 60% high-fat diet for 12 wk and performed 8 wk of exercise training (EX) or remained sedentary (SED). A separate group of wild-type and Bcl2^AAA mice given a low-fat (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 wk then performed a single bout of treadmill exercise (Ac-EX) or remained sedentary (SED). Mitochondria were isolated from gastrocnemius muscle for immunoblotting. A, Parkin content and (B) BNIP3 content in the mitochondrial fraction of exercise trained mice normalized to VDAC content and expressed as arbitrary units (AU). C, Representative blots for (A and B). D, Parkin content in the mitochondrial fraction normalized to VDAC as a loading control and expressed as AU. E, Parkin content in the whole cell lysate expressed as AU. F, BNIP3 in the mitochondrial fraction normalized to VDAC as a loading control and expressed as AU. BNIP3 consistently appeared as triplicate bands, therefore all three bands specified by the red box were quantified. G, Representative blot images for (D-F). Full blot images and Ponceau stain of membranes are in supplemental data. Data are means ± SD. Two-way ANOVA tested for effects of diet and exercise within each genotype. P values are main effects. Group sizes are n = 12–17 for exercise trained mice and n = 5–6 for acute exercise mice