Table 3.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) findings in COVID-19 patients and controls
| CMR feature | COVID (n = 27) | Control (n = 27) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| LVEDV/BSA, mean (SD), ml/m2 | 74.2 (17.4) | 67.7 (11.6) | 0.114 |
| LVESV/BSA, mean (SD), ml/m2 | 37.8 (12.6) | 26.1 (6.1) | < 0.001 |
| LVSV/BSA, mean (SD), ml/m2 | 36.4 (7.1) | 41.6 (8.3) | 0.016 |
| LVEF, mean (SD), % | 50.3 (7.2) | 61.3 (6.3) | < 0.001 |
| LVEF < 50%, No. (%) | 13 (48.2) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| LV mass/BSA, mean (SD), g/m2 | 62.8 (10.9) | 52.4 (9.2) | 0.001 |
| RVEDV/BSA, mean (SD), ml/m2 | 77.0 (14.2) | 73.3 (14.7) | 0.322 |
| RVESV/BSA, mean (SD), ml/m2 | 40.3 (12.0) | 33.2 (10.1) | 0.023 |
| RVSV/BSA, mean (SD), ml/m2 | 37.0 (7.0) | 40.6 (8.6) | 0.096 |
| RVEF, mean (SD), % | 48.8 (8.2) | 55.7 (8.1) | 0.003 |
| Native T1, mean (SD), ms | 1032 (40) | 996 (29) | < 0.001 |
| Native T1 > 1027 ms, No. (%) | 11 (40.7) | 3 (11.1) | 0.013 |
| T2, mean (SD), ms | 52.2 (3.8) | 47.2 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
| T2 > 49.9 ms, No. (%) | 14 (51.9) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| ECV, mean (SD), % | 28.435 (9.9) | 24.3 (2.3) | 0.001 |
| ECV > 29.5%, No. (%) | 10 (43.5) | 1 (3.7) | 0.002 |
| Edema on STIR, No. (%) | 10 (37.0) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| LGE, No. (%) | 12 (44.4) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| Ischemic pattern, No. (%) | 3 (25) | – | – |
| Non-ischemic pattern, No. (%) | 9 (75) | – | – |
| Pericardial enhancement, No. (%) | 2 (7.41) | 0 (0) | 0.15 |
BSA body surface area, ECV extracellular volume, LGE late gadolinium enhancement, LV left ventricle, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVESV left ventricular end systolic volume, LVSV left ventricular stroke volume, RV right ventricle, RVEDV right ventricular end diastolic volume, RVEF right ventricular ejection fraction, RVESV right ventricular end systolic volume, RVSV right ventricular stroke volume, STIR short tau inversion recovery, SD standard deviation