Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients in high- and low-to-moderate risk groups.
| High risk | Low-to-moderate risk | p -Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 51 | 1,029 | |
| Male (%) | 45 | 36 | 0.34 |
| Age (y) | 76.4 ± 7.8 | 75.7 ± 6.9 | 0.62 |
| Current smoker (%) | 12 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Hypertension (%) | 80 | 86 | 0.24 |
| Diabetes (%) | 43 | 22 | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 51 | 40 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 133.5 ± 16.0 | 132.3 ± 12.9 | 0.62 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.4 ± 11.9 | 74.6 ± 9.2 | 0.10 |
| Pulse (bpm) | 73.8 ± 11.6 | 74.5 ± 12.2 | 0.94 |
| Body weight (kg) | 60.4 ± 11.2 | 57.9 ± 10.8 | 0.08 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| White blood cell (1,000/mm 3 ) | 6.2 ± 1.7 | 5.9 ± 3.0 | 0.24 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.0 ± 1.8 | 13.2 ± 1.5 | 0.26 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 7.0 ± 0.6 | 7.2 ± 0.5 | 0.12 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L) | 26.0 ± 17.8 | 25.2 ± 16.2 | 0.35 |
| Alanine transaminase (IU/L) | 23.4 ± 17.8 | 23.1 ± 23.5 | 0.72 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 21.7 ± 10.5 | 16.5 ± 4.7 | <0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 108.1 ± 36.3 | 100.5 ± 39.6 | 0.86 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 57.1 ± 18.5 | 60.5 ± 17.7 | 0.09 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 141.5 ± 138.6 | 123.7 ± 78.6 | 1.00 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 187.2 ± 45.7 | 183.3 ± 36.2 | 0.80 |
| Hemoglobin A1c | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Na (mEq/L) | 142.5 ± 2.8 | 142.4 ± 2.7 | 0.55 |
| K (mEq/L) | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 0.01 |
| B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | 305.2 ± 229.1 | 74.4 ± 105.9 | 0.01 |
| Medications | |||
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (%) | 15.7 | 10.3 | 0.31 |
| Angiotensin-receptor blocker (%) | 54.9 | 49.8 | 0.48 |
| Beta-blocker (%) | 15.7 | 5.3 | 0.05 |
| Calcium blocker (%) | 68.6 | 65.9 | 0.69 |
| Aldosterone antagonist (%) | 3.9 | 2.6 | 0.64 |
| Statin (%) | 43.1 | 39.7 | 0.64 |
| Acetylsalicylic acid (%) | 15.7 | 8.2 | 0.16 |
| Warfarin (%) | 15.7 | 2.1 | 0.01 |
| Direct oral anticoagulant (%) | 11.8 | 2.5 | 0.04 |
| Loop diuretic (%) | 13.7 | 3.2 | 0.03 |
Note: Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.