Table 2. Baseline characteristics of randomized low-to-moderate risk patients.

	Intervention	No intervention	p -Value
n	518	521
Male (%)	38	39	0.61
Age (y)	75.9 ± 6.9	75.4 ± 6.9	0.35
Current smoker	4.2	3.8	0.74
Hypertension (%)	85	87	0.50
Diabetes (%)	22	22	0.91
Hyperlipidemia (%)	38.4	42.0	0.23
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	132.7 ± 13.2	132.0 ± 12.6	0.51
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.7 ± 9.7	74.4 ± 8.8	0.43
Pulse (bpm)	74.7 ± 12.6	74.2 ± 11.8	0.47
Body weight (kg)	57.4 ± 10.5	58.5 ± 11.1	0.10
Laboratory parameters
White blood cell (1,000/mm 3 )	5.8 ± 1.5	6.0 ± 3.9	0.42
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.2 ± 1.5	13.3 ± 1.6	0.44
Total protein (g/dL)	7.1 ± 0.5	7.2 ± 0.5	0.34
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)	24.4 ± 8.8	25.9 ± 21.1	0.78
Alanine transaminase (IU/L)	22.0 ± 12.5	24.1 ± 30.6	0.40
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.7 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.2	0.88
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	16.6 ± 4.7	6.5 ± 4.6	0.61
Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)	102.4 ± 39.2	98.6 ± 39.9	0.08
High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)	60.4 ± 16.7	60.6 ± 18.6	0.97
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	120.5 ± 67.0	126.8 ± 88.4	0.29
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	185.0 ± 34.6	181.7 ± 37.6	0.26
Hemoglobin A1c	5.9 ± 0.7	6.0 ± 0.7	0.38
Na (mEq/L)	142.4 ± 2.7	142.3 ± 2.7	0.44
K (mEq/L)	4.4 ± 0.5	4.4 ± 0.5	0.87
B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/mL)	88.3 ± 108	80.7 ± 121	0.25
Medications
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (%)	9.8	10.7	0.63
Angiotensin-receptor blocker (%)	49.6	49.9	0.93
Beta-blocker (%)	5.4	5.2	0.87
Calcium blocker (%)	64.1	67.8	0.21
Aldosterone antagonist (%)	2.7	2.5	0.83
Statin (%)	37.8	41.7	0.21
Acetylsalicylic acid (%)	6.8	9.8	0.08
Warfarin (%)	2.5	1.7	0.38
Direct oral anticoagulant (%)	2.9	2.1	0.42
Loop diuretic (%)	3.1	3.3	0.87

Note: Continuous variables expressed as the mean ± standard deviation.