Table 2.
Laboratory and radiographic findings of the study population on admission to hospital.
| Total (n = 377) | Survivor (n = 292) | Nonsurvivor (n = 85) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory findings | |||
| White blood cell count, ×109/L | 7.545 (5.510–10.035) | 7.140 (5.380–9.540) | 8.550 (6.235–12.075) |
| <4 | 24/376 (6.4) | 21/291 (7.2) | 3/85 (3.5) |
| 4 to 10 | 257/376 (68.4) | 205/291 (70.4) | 52/85 (61.2) |
| >10 | 95/376 (25.3) | 65/291 (22.3) | 30/85 (35.3) |
| Lymphocyte count, ×109/L | 1.105 (0.803–1.468) | 1.150 (0.890–1.520) | 0.810 (0.560–1.250) |
| <1 | 156/376 (41.5) | 102/291 (35.1) | 54/85 (63.5) |
| ≥1 | 220/376 (58.5) | 189/291 (64.9) | 31/85 (36.5) |
| Hemoglobin, mg/dL | 14.8 ± 2.0 | 14.9 ± 1.8 | 14.5 ± 2.6 |
| <12.5 | 38/376 (10.1) | 20/291 (6.9) | 18/85 (21.2) |
| ≥12.5 | 338/376 (89.9) | 271/291 (93.1) | 67/85 (78.8) |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | 218.000 (177.000–274.750) | 225.000 (179.000–281.000) | 196.000 (159.000–251.500) |
| <100 | 9/376 (2.4) | 7/291 (2.4) | 2/85 (2.4) |
| ≥100 | 367/376 (97.6) | 284/291 (97.6) | 83/85 (97.6) |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 344.0 (266.5–462.0) | 325.0 (258.0–414.5) | 458.0 (310.0–646.0) |
| ≤250 | 70/365 (19.2) | 63/282 (22.3) | 7/83 (8.4) |
| >250 | 295/365 (80.8) | 219/282 (77.7) | 76/83 (91.6) |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 854.0 (472.0–1500.0) | 768.5 (470.8–1406.5) | 1131.0 (512.5–1942.5) |
| <600 | 112/315 (35.6) | 90/238 (37.8) | 22/77 (28.6) |
| ≥600 | 203/315 (64.4) | 148/238 (62.2) | 55/77 (71.4) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 112.3 (63.6–181.7) | 101.3 (55.1–167.2) | 143.8 (99.1–226.1) |
| <50 | 58/309 (18.8) | 52/241 (21.6) | 6/68 (8.8) |
| ≥50 | 251/309 (81.2) | 189/241 (78.4) | 62/68 (91.2) |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.27 (0.11–0.93) | 0.18 (0.09–0.59) | 0.73 (0.25–1.84) |
| <0.1 | 15/70 (21.4) | 14/48 (29.2) | 1/22 (4.5) |
| 0.1 to <0.5 | 28/70 (40.0) | 20/48 (41.6) | 8/22 (36.4) |
| ≥0.5 | 27/70 (38.6) | 14/48 (29.2) | 13/22 (59.1) |
| D-dimer, mg/L | 0.49 (0.28–0.93) | 0.46 (0.27–0.90) | 0.65 (0.37–1.14) |
| <0.5 | 184/364 (50.6) | 156/283 (55.1) | 28/81 (34.6) |
| 0.5 to 1.0 | 101/364 (27.7) | 71/283 (25.1) | 30/81 (37.0) |
| >1.0 | 79/364 (21.7) | 56/283 (19.8) | 23/81 (28.4) |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.97 (0.79–1.21) | 0.90 (0.76–1.12) | 1.19 (0.96–1.58) |
| <1.5 | 314/363 (86.5) | 254/278 (91.4) | 60/85 (70.6) |
| ≥1.5 | 49/363 (13.5) | 24/278 (8.6) | 25/85 (29.4) |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 35.0 (22.0–58.5) | 38.0 (22.8–61.0) | 30.5 (18.3–51.8) |
| ≤40 | 181/314 (57.6) | 128/234 (54.7) | 53/80 (66.3) |
| >40 | 133/314 (42.4) | 106/234 (45.3) | 27/80 (33.7) |
| Arterial pH | 7.44 (7.42–7.46) | 7.44 (7.42–7.47) | 7.43 (7.4–7.46) |
| <7.40 | 37/370 (10.0) | 19/286 (6.6) | 18/84 (21.4) |
| 7.40–7.47 | 277/370 (74.9) | 221/286 (77.3) | 56/84 (66.7) |
| >7.47 | 56/370 (15.1) | 46/286 (16.1) | 10/84 (11.9) |
| SpO2, % | 90.5 (86.9–93.9) | 91.0 (87.0–94.0) | 90.0 (84.2–92.8) |
| <90 | 161/370 (38.4) | 121/286 (42.3) | 40/84 (47.6) |
| ≥90 | 209/370 (61.6) | 165/286 (57.7) | 44/84 (52.4) |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 239.0 (198.0–270.0) | 246.5 (213.8–274.0) | 188.5 (152.5–239.8) |
| <100 | 18/370 (4.9) | 5/286 (1.7) | 13/84 (15.5) |
| 100 to 199 | 77/370 (20.8) | 44/286 (15.4) | 33/84 (39.3) |
| 200 to 299 | 236/370 (63.8) | 204/286 (71.3) | 32/84 (38.1) |
| ≥300 | 39/370 (10.5) | 33/286 (11.5) | 6/84 (7.1) |
| Viral coinfection | 4/63 (6.3) | 3/34 (8.8) | 1/29 (3.4) |
| Bacterial coinfection | 10/109 (9.2) | 5/65 (7.7) | 5/44 (11.4) |
|
| |||
| Chest X-ray features | |||
| Normal | 63/354 (17.8) | 56/271 (20.7) | 7/83 (8.4) |
| Compatible with pneumonia | 257/354 (72.6) | 187/271 (69.0) | 70/83 (84.3) |
| Compatible with an alternative diagnosis | 10/354 (2.8) | 8/271 (2.9) | 2/83 (2.4) |
| Nonspecific features | 24/354 (6.8) | 20/271 (7.4) | 4/83 (4.8) |
|
| |||
| Chest CT features | |||
| Compatible with viral pneumonia | 323/344 (93.9) | 261/274 (95.3) | 62/70 (88.6) |
| Compatible with an alternative diagnosis | 15/344 (4.4) | 11/274 (4.0) | 4/70 (5.7) |
| Nonspecific features | 6/344 (1.7) | 2/274 (0.7) | 4/70 (5.7) |
| Pulmonary embolism on CT pulmonary angiography | 6/66 (1.6) | 6/57 (2.1) | 0/9 (0.0) |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or n/N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data.