Fig. 2. De novo genome reconstruction from palaeofaeces recovers 181 authenticated ancient gut microbial genomes, 39% of which are novel SGBs.
a, GTDB-Tk23 genus estimation for both novel and known species. b, Maximum likelihood tree of 178 highly damaged filtered ancient gut bacteria and 4,930 representative human gut microbiome genomes13. The tree was constructed using multiple sequence alignment of 120 bacterial marker genes identified by GTDB-Tk23. Novel and known ancient bin branches are highlighted in pink and blue, respectively. Tree scale, 1 nucleotide substitution per site.