Table 3.
Direct medical costs (€) by component and total costs by complication category according to analytic perspective
| Perspective | 50–59 YOA N = 137 |
60–64 YOA N = 90 |
65–69 YOA N = 100 |
70–79 YOA N = 158 |
≥ 80 YOA N = 60 |
Overall ≥ 50 YOA N = 545 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | |
| Direct medical costs | ||||||||||||
| GP visits | ||||||||||||
| HCS/societal | 137 | 83.8 (41.1) | 90 | 105.2 (73.9) | 100 | 103.5 (118.7) | 158 | 119.8 (127.1) | 60 | 143.2 (131.2) | 545 | 107.9 (103.7) |
| Range | 63–251 | 63–376 | 63–1006 | 63–878 | 63–627 | 63–1066 | ||||||
| Medications | ||||||||||||
| HCS | 134 | 38.3 (23.2) | 88 | 53.6 (33.3) | 100 | 67.3 (39.3) | 153 | 72.8 (52.1) | 57 | 82.5 (54.1) | 532 | 60.9 (43.9) |
| Range | 152–304 | 0–161 | 2–176 | 0–277 | 0–238 | 0–277 | ||||||
| Societal | 134 | 77.1 (45.2) | 88 | 88.6 (49.9) | 100 | 83.7 (45.1) | 153 | 92.2 (61.9) | 57 | 101.1 (58.9) | 532 | 87.2 (53.1) |
| Range | 2–244 | 2–377 | 2–196 | 1–409 | 2–287 | 1–409 | ||||||
| Procedures/lab tests | ||||||||||||
| HCS/societal | 12 | 52.4 (32.1) | 1 | 64.2 (–) | 3 | 66.9 (55.4) | 13 | 48.4 (39.0) | 3 | 51.4 (33.9) | 32 | 52.4 (35.5) |
| Range | 13–128 | – | 13–124 | 13–150 | 13–77 | 13–150 | ||||||
| Specialist visits | ||||||||||||
| HCS/societal | 7 | 173.5 (57.4) | 3 | 202.5 (87.7) | 3 | 252.6 (174.5) | 7 | 152.0 (118.5) | 6 | 365.0 (253.9) | 26 | 224.4 (164.9) |
| Range | 152–304 | 152–304 | 152–454 | 12–388 | 152–822 | 12–822 | ||||||
| Hospital admissions | ||||||||||||
| HCS/societal | 1 | 2925 (–) | 1 | 2925 (–) | 1 | 2925 (–) | 7 | 2925 (–) | 1 | 2925 (–) | 11 | 2925 (–) |
| Range | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||
| Overall meana | ||||||||||||
| HCS | 137 | 156.0 (259.7) | 90 | 197.6 (319.7) | 100 | 209.6 (402.3) | 158 | 330.6 (663.5) | 60 | 309.3 (453.3) | 545 | 240.2 (466.4) |
| Range | 63–3047 | 63–3053 | 63–3818 | 63–4084 | 63–3073 | 63–4084 | ||||||
| Societal | 137 | 193.9 (264.7) | 90 | 231.8 (326.9) | 100 | 226.0 (405.5) | 158 | 349.5 (670.0) | 60 | 327.0 (457.3) | 545 | 265.8 (470.5) |
| Range | 63–3106 | 63–3119 | 65–3837 | 63–4289 | 63–3083 | 63–4289 | ||||||
| Total costs by complication categorya,b | ||||||||||||
| HZ without PHN or any other complication | ||||||||||||
| HCS | 127 | 131 (69) | 76 | 185 (342) | 88 | 168 (178) | 130 | 237 (471) | 49 | 237 (426) | 470 | 187 (328) |
| Range | 63–423 | 63–3053 | 64–1708 | 63–3219 | 63–3073 | 63–3219 | ||||||
| Societal | 127 | 239 (390) | 76 | 283 (512) | 88 | 184 (186) | 130 | 255 (470) | 49 | 251 (425) | 470 | 242 (412) |
| Range | 63–4046 | 63–3433 | 65–1772 | 63–3228 | 63–3083 | 63–4046 | ||||||
| With PHN | ||||||||||||
| HCS | 3 | 99 (18) | 6 | 310 (191) | 4 | 1124 (1798) | 6 | 750 (1233) | 6 | 519 (464) | 25 | 571 (937) |
| Range | 87–120 | 66–538 | 168–3818 | 110–3229 | 108–1211 | 66–3818 | ||||||
| Societal | 3 | 172 (99) | 6 | 797 (1159) | 4 | 1137 (1802) | 6 | 766 (1240) | 6 | 562 (498) | 25 | 712 (1065) |
| Range | 111–287 | 66–3116 | 180–3837 | 116–3255 | 113–1355 | 66–3837 | ||||||
| HZ with complications (excluding PHN) | ||||||||||||
| HCS | 7 | 635 (1070) | 8 | 232 (82) | 8 | 210 (89) | 22 | 769 (1123) | 5 | 770 (439) | 50 | 575 (872) |
| Range | 87–3047 | 142–338 | 79–308 | 63–4084 | 474–1525 | 63–4084 | ||||||
| Societal | 7 | 678 (1078) | 8 | 265 (95) | 8 | 235 (87) | 22 | 794 (1149) | 5 | 786 (437) | 50 | 603 (887) |
| Range | 111–3106 | 158–399 | 81–321 | 78–4289 | 494–1540 | 78–4289 | ||||||
| All patients with HZ | ||||||||||||
| HCS | 137 | 156 (260) | 90 | 198 (320) | 100 | 210 (402) | 158 | 331 (663) | 60 | 309 (453) | 545 | 240 (466) |
| Range | 63–3047 | 63–3053 | 64–3818 | 63–4084 | 63–3073 | 63–4084 | ||||||
| Societal | 137 | 260 (449) | 90 | 316 (560) | 100 | 226 (405) | 158 | 349 (670) | 158 | 327 (457) | 545 | 296 (535) |
| Range | 63–4046 | 63–3433 | 65–3837 | 63–4289 | 63–3083 | 63–4289 | ||||||
GP general practitioner, HCS healthcare system, HZ herpes zoster, mean mean cost in € averaging only over the patients generating this cost component, n number of patients generating this cost component, N number of patients enrolled in this age group, PHN postherpetic neuralgia, YOA years of age
aThe mean cost in € by averaging each cost component over all 545 patients and adding over all the cost components
bIndirect costs include productivity loss due to work absence for patients still working and caregiver productivity loss averaged over all patients in the relevant category to estimate the average total societal cost for each HZ category