Table 6.
Effect of rapamycin on the immune response to antigens/vaccines and infectious agents
| Mouse | Rapa treatment | Effect of rapamycin | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Improved immune response | |||
| BALB/c F, 7–8 weeks | 1.5 mg/kg, i.p. | Protected genetically susceptible mice against lethal Listeria monocytogenes infection. | [92] |
| C57BL/6 M and F, 4–8 weeks | Rapa-DC* | Increased vaccine efficacy against tuberculosis and mice immunized showed enhanced protection. | [93] |
|
C57BL/6 M, 8–12 weeks |
5 mg/kg, i.p. | Less sever lung injury after intratracheal administration of LPS or PAM. | [168] |
| C57BL/6J 12–16 weeks | 75 and 600 μg/kg, i.p | Increased antigen-specific T cell response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. | [94] |
|
C57BL/6 M, 6–8 weeks |
1.5 μg/da, i.p. | Increased antigen-specific response to bacterial infection but not to skin graft. | [99] |
|
C57BL/6 M and F 22–24 months |
14 ppm | Reduced lung damage and mortality after infection with Streptococcus pneumonia. | [110] |
| C57BL/6 F, 8–10 weeks | 75 μg/kg, i.p. | Increased clearance of influenza virus and survival when administered during immunization. | [95] |
|
C57BL/6 8–12 weeks |
75 μg/kg, i.p. | Improved bacterial clearance in the spleen after Lm-gp33 challenge. | [98] |
|
C57BL/6 8–12 weeks |
75 μg/kg, i.p. | Higher bacterial burden in the liver and spleen arising from the bacterial pathogen Lm-OVA. | [98] |
|
C57BL/6 F, 6–8 weeks |
1 mg/kg, i.p. | Improved the clinical symptoms of autoimmune encephalomyelitis and reduced inflammatory cell proliferation in the central nervous system. | [169] |
|
C57BL/6 F, 10 weeks |
0.15 mg, i.p. | Reduced immunosuppression and secondary infection to Candida induced by inflammation and sepsis. | [170] |
|
Cd1d−/− F, 10 weeks |
0.15 mg, i.p. | Reduced secondary infection to Candida induced by inflammation and sepsis. | [170] |
| No effect on immune response | |||
|
RAG2−/− 3 months |
14 ppm | No effect on the survival to bacteria, Citrobacter rodentium. | [44] |
| Reduced immune response | |||
|
C57BL/6 M, 6 weeks |
1.5 mg/kg, i.p. | Increased lung injury after LPS intratracheal administration. | [171] |
| C57BL/6 8–12 weeks | 75 μg/kg, i.p. | Higher bacterial burden in the liver and spleen arising from the bacterial pathogen Lm-OVA. | [98] |
| C57BL/6 8–12 weeks | 75 μg/kg, i.p. | Higher viral titer in the brain after West Nile virus (WNV) infection. | [98] |
|
C57BL/6 M, 16–18 months |
14 ppm | Reduced survival to WNV meningoencephalitis but the reduction was not statistically significant. | [172] |
*Immunized mice with dendritic cells treated with 1 mM rapamycin for 2 h