Table 1.
Characteristics for the healthy control and schizophrenia samples.
| Healthy controls (n = 178) | Matched controls (n = 80) | Individuals with schizophrenia (n = 24) | t or χ² value | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic information | |||||
| Age (year) | 33.05 ± 10.98 | 35.49 ± 10.55 | 32.25 ± 10.33 | 1.32 | 0.188 |
| Sex (male/female) | 93/85 | 46/34 | 18/6 | 2.39 | 0.122 |
| Years of education | 13.66 ± 2.41 | 13.65 ± 2.73 | 11.68 ± 1.45 | 2.72 | 0.008 |
| Psychological assessments | |||||
| MWTB | 30.74 ± 3.84 | 30.32 ± 4.83 | 29.13 ± 3.27 | 1.11 | 0.272 |
| PANSS positive | n.a | n.a. | 12.50 ± 6.76 | – | – |
| PANSS negative | n.a | n.a | 15.17 ± 6.76 | – | – |
| BDI | n.a | n.a. | 12.42 ± 7.71 | – | – |
| Years of illness | n.a. | n.a. | 10.22 ± 9.32 | – | – |
| fMRI task performances | |||||
| Accuracy (%) | 80.10 ± 18.35 | 68.75 ± 19.33 | 65.54 ± 19.79 | 0.70 | 0.479 |
| Reaction time (ms) | 496.15 ± 279.50 | 589.21 ± 286.80 | 627.06 ± 306.99 | −0.6 | 0.578 |
| Head motion parameters | |||||
| fMRI: Mean frame-wise displacement (mm) | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.20 ± 0.09 | 0.19 ± 0.08 | −1.11 | 0.270 |
| DTI: Mean absolute root-mean-square displacement (mm) | 1.27 ± 0.74 | 1.37 ± 0.89 | 1.34 ± 0.59 | 0.18 | 0.860 |
| DTI: tSNR | 5.63 ± 0.45 | 5.52 ± 0.49 | 5.26 ± 0.49 | 2.21 | 0.028 |
Source data are provided with this paper.
MWTB Mehrfach Wortschatz Intelligenztest B, a German multiple-choice vocabulary intelligence test as a measure of premorbid IQ, PANSS positive and negative symptom scale, BDI Beck’s depression inventory, DTI diffusion tensor imaging, tSNR temporal signal-to-noise.