Table 2.

Summary of molecular and performance characteristics

	N	Women	Men	Total	p-value
mtDNA deletion frequency (e-04)	53	3.48 (8.02)	5.83 (13.30)	3.90 (8.50)	0.935
mtDNA copy number	53	3853 (797.6)	3781 (1898)	3814 (1217)	0.725
VO2max (ml/kg/min)	53	21.90 ± 0.73	25.80 ± 1.10	23.45 ± 0.67	0.003
MPPT score	40	35.00 (1.50)	35.00 (1.00)	35.00 (1.00)	0.954*
6-min walk distance (ft)	39	1611 ± 39	1820 ± 49	1691 ± 34	0.002
Gait speed (m/s)	40	1.32 ± 0.07	1.40 ± 0.08	1.35 ± 0.05	0.422
Grip strength (kg)	39	23.42 ± 1.16	38.46 ± 3.46	29.59 ± 1.96	< 0.001
Total lean mass (kg)	52	45.17 ± 1.09	59.83 ± 1.26	51.09 ± 1.30	< 0.001
Right leg lean mass (kg)	52	7.90 ± 0.25	10.20 ± 0.28	8.83 ± 0.24	< 0.001

Results are presented by means ± SEs or median (IQR)

p-values are for the difference between men and women by using Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney test, as appropriate

IQR interquartile range, MPPT modified physical performance test, mtDNA mitochondrial DNA, SE standard error, VO_2max maximal oxygen uptake

*Continuity correction was applied when running Mann–Whitney test