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. 2021 Jun 9;11:12215. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91611-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Pipeline and graphical results by which reduced rank regression identified food groups based on intake of zinc (Zn) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) followed by multiple linear regression analysis to test for associations of dietary patterns and serum linoleic/dihomo-γ-linolenic ratio (LA/DGLA). Circles with G are the food groups, rectangles are Zn and PUFA intake values, diamonds are dietary patterns 2 for males (MDP2) and females (FDP2). Each dietary pattern (rectangles) is represented by a combination of food groups that explained as much variation of Zn and PUFAs intake. Solid lines are positive and dashed lines are negative associations between food groups and Zn and PUFAs intake. FDP2 and MDP2 (rich in Zn and poor in PUFAs) were associated with low LA/DGLA ratio.