Table 2.
Baseline characteristics comparisons between Lp(a) < 300 mg/L and Lp(a) ≥ 300 mg/L of the 85 participants
| Variables | Overall (n = 85) | Lp(a) < 300 mg/L (n = 62) | Lp(a) ≥ 300 mg/L (n = 23) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General conditions and Comorbid conditions | ||||
| Age (year) | 68.48 ± 8.78 | 68.66 ± 9.00 | 68.00 ± 8.35 | 0.760 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 63 (74.1%) | 45 (72.6%) | 18 (78.3%) | 0.782 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 60 (70.6%) | 45 (72.6%) | 15 (65.3%) | 0.594 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 26 (30.6%) | 21 (33.9%) | 5 (21.7%) | 0.427 |
| Cerebral infraction, n (%) | 21 (24.7%) | 15 (24.2%) | 6 (26.1%) | 1.000 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 38 (44.7%) | 24 (38.7%) | 14 (60.9%) | 0.087 |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 20 (23.5%) | 14 (22.6%) | 6 (26.1%) | 0.777 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 79 (92.9%) | 58 (91.3%) | 21 (91.3%) | 0.660 |
| Serum lipid | ||||
| Lp(a) (mg/L) * | 184 (96.5–370) | 129 (81–209.25) | 473 (390–822) | < 0.0001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.49 ± 1.21 | 4.50 ± 1.31 | 4.48 ± 0.90 | 0.935 |
| TG (mmol/L) * | 1.34 (1.04–1.99) | 1.43 (1.04–2.27) | 1.27 (0.91–1.47) | 0.016 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.92 ± 0.91 | 2.93 ± 0.98 | 2.89 ± 0.70 | 0.818 |
| LDL-C(F) (mmol/L) | 2.13 ± 0.75 | 2.20 ± 0.80 | 1.93 ± 0.53 | 0.088 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) * | 0.99 (0.87–1.16) | 0.94 (0.82–1.09) | 1.11 (1.01–1.32) | 0.005 |
| Apo(a) (mmol/L) * | 1.16 (1.01–1.28) | 1.10 (0.97–1.30) | 1.19 (1.12–1.26) | 0.060 |
| Apo(b) (mmol/L) * | 0.79 (0.64–1.01) | 0.78 (0.62–1.02) | 0.80 (0.70–1.03) | 0.602 |
| Carotid plaque | ||||
| Maximum ICA plaque thickness (mm) | 3.89 ± 1.14 | 3.82 ± 1.10 | 4.03 ± 1.27 | 0.501 |
| Total maximum ICA plaque thickness (mm) | 6.59 ± 2.12 | 6.49 ± 2.14 | 6.84 ± 2.10 | 0.502 |
| Degree of carotid stenosis | ||||
| Mild, n (%) | 27 (31.8%) | 21 (33.9%) | 6 (26.1%) | 0.604 |
| Moderate, n (%) | 14 (16.5%) | 11 (17.7%) | 3 (13.0%) | 0.749 |
| Severe, n (%) | 28 (32.9%) | 16 (25.8%) | 12 (52.2%) | 0.036 |
| Occlusion, n (%) | 16 (18.8%) | 14 (22.6%) | 2 (8.7%) | 0.215 |
| Reasons for referral, n (%) | ||||
| Cardiovascular ischemia-related, n (%) | 44 (51.8%) | 33 (53.2%) | 11 (47.8%) | 0.808 |
| Cerebral ischemia-related, n (%) | 30 (35.3%) | 18 (29.0%) | 12 (52.2%) | 0.073 |
| Asymptomatic, n (%) | 7 (8.2%) | 7 (11.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.091 |
| Other | 4 (4.7%) | 4 (6.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.296 |
LDL-C(F) = TC-HDL-C-TG/2.2
Lp(a), Lipoprotein(a); TC, cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C(F), Friedwald's formula adjust low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Apo, apolipoprotein; ICA, Internal carotid artery
*Presented as median (interquartile range)