Table 2.
Contact coverage of routine MNH visits in Nepal, NDHS 2016
| Determinants | Frequency | 4ANC visits (N = 1978) | Institutional delivery (N = 1978) | PNC visit (N = 1978) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (%) | p | Yes (%) | p | Yes (%) | p | ||
| Structural | |||||||
| Wealth rank | |||||||
| Poor (40%) | 832 | 64.9 | < 0.001 | 48.7 | < 0.001 | 39.6 | < 0.001 |
| Rich (60%) | 1146 | 75.2 | 75.4 | 58.4 | |||
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| Disadvantaged | 1374 | 65.7 | < 0.001 | 59.6 | < 0.001 | 44.8 | < 0.001 |
| Advantaged | 604 | 82.4 | 74.7 | 63.6 | |||
| Education | |||||||
| Illiterate | 570 | 53.5 | < 0.001 | 47.3 | < 0.001 | 36.3 | < 0.001 |
| Literate | 1408 | 77.9 | 71.0 | 56.3 | |||
| Intermediary | |||||||
| Language | |||||||
| Nepali | 839 | 80.2 | < 0.001 | 70.2 | 57.7 | < 0.001 | |
| Maithili | 360 | 67.6 | 56.5 | 40.7 | |||
| Bhojpuri | 267 | 45.6 | 53.0 | 33.9 | |||
| Others (e.g., Newari or Tharu) | 512 | 70.9 | 65.7 | 54.3 | |||
| Provinces | |||||||
| One | 338 | 78.8 | < 0.001 | 65.9 | < 0.001 | 54.5 | < 0.001 |
| Two | 513 | 58.0 | 54.7 | 38.3 | |||
| Three | 312 | 75.8 | 72.4 | 62.8 | |||
| Four | 164 | 75.3 | 73.5 | 63.8 | |||
| Five | 364 | 74.7 | 65.6 | 51.4 | |||
| Six | 121 | 54.6 | 43.7 | 36.4 | |||
| Seven | 166 | 84.0 | 77.4 | 52.1 | |||
| Residence | |||||||
| Urban | 1062 | 75.5 | 0.003 | 73.6 | < 0.001 | 57.5 | < 0.001 |
| Rural | 916 | 65.4 | 53.3 | 42.4 | |||
| Region | |||||||
| Mountain | 131 | 71.7 | 0.015 | 45.0 | 0.007 | 45.6 | < 0.001 |
| Hill | 760 | 76.2 | 67.7 | 57.1 | |||
| Terai | 1087 | 67.0 | 64.1 | 46.5 | |||
| National level | 1978 | 71.0 | 64.0 | 51.5 | |||
Note: p-values obtained from Fisher exact test. ANC: antenatal care. PNC: postnatal care