TABLE I.
Characteristics of White and Black Medicare Beneficiaries Undergoing Total Hip or Total Knee Replacements, and All Medicare Beneficiaries, in 2009 and 2017*
| Characteristics | Total Hip Replacements† | Total Knee Replacements† | All Medicare Beneficiaries‡ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 2017 | 2009 | 2017 | 2009 | 2017 | |
| No. of patients or beneficiaries | 83,949 | 120,252 | 204,012 | 235,100 | 24,557,784 | 26,713,917 |
| No. of surgical procedures | 86,308 | 124,345 | 220,267 | 251,102 | ||
| No. of HRRs | 306 | 306 | 306 | 306 | 306 | 306 |
| Age§ (yr) | 75.21 ± 6.32 | 74.17 ± 6.18 | 74.43 ± 5.97 | 73.66 ± 5.70 | 75.81 ± 7.53 | 75.04 ± 7.45 |
| Female (%) | 61.71 | 61.06 | 64.38 | 62.82 | 56.85 | 54.86 |
| Black (%) | 4.40 | 4.73 | 5.34 | 5.45 | 8.11 | 8.41 |
| Dual eligibility (%) | 5.01 | 3.96 | 6.18 | 4.51 | 10.20 | 8.50 |
| Beneficiary category (%) | ||||||
| White Medicare-only | 91.43 | 92.03 | 89.67 | 90.88 | 83.81 | 84.87 |
| White dual eligibility | 4.17 | 3.24 | 4.99 | 3.68 | 8.08 | 6.72 |
| Black Medicare-only | 3.56 | 4.01 | 4.15 | 4.61 | 5.99 | 6.62 |
| Black dual eligibility | 0.84 | 0.72 | 1.19 | 0.83 | 2.12 | 1.79 |
| Region (%) | ||||||
| Northeast | 19.10 | 19.30 | 15.64 | 16.82 | 19.24 | 18.68 |
| Midwest | 28.13 | 25.02 | 28.28 | 25.30 | 24.65 | 22.62 |
| South | 34.82 | 35.83 | 40.39 | 40.48 | 39.97 | 40.21 |
| West | 17.95 | 19.85 | 15.69 | 17.40 | 16.14 | 18.49 |
*
The cohort includes fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries between 66 and 99 years of age who were alive at the end of 2009 or 2017.
†
The details of this cohort definition are presented in Appendix Exhibits S3 and S4.
‡
The details of this cohort definition are presented in Appendix Exhibits S1 and S2.
§
The values are given as the mean and the standard deviation.