Fig. 3.

Urothelium lesions 1A–C, control group. 2A–E, OD group. 3A–G, DM group. 2A The urothelium showed desquamation, necrosis and cell debris was seen. 2B Steatosis of urothelial cells and urothelial exfoliation. 2C and 2E Obviously, mitochondrial vacuolar degeneration in the urothelium. The cell junctions were absent and the prominent gap was observed in adjacent umbrella cells. 2D The lysis of unilateral umbrella cell’ s cytoplasm. 3A The urothelium detached from the basement membrane. 3B–D The urothelial cells manifested degeneration, necrosis and remained bare nuclei and cell debris. The mitochondrial vacuolar degeneration and endoplasmic reticulum swollen was observed. 3E Cell junctions between adjacent umbrella cells were decreased. 3G A rat received regular insulin injection looking similar to control rats